Energy Economic Resilience under sanctions in Russia: Policies & lessons for Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Iran, as an oil-dependent economy, has faced strict energy sanctions from the Western bloc, prompting the country to adopt policies aimed at enhancing energy economic resilience. Given the similarities in economic structure, this paper explores the concept of energy economic resilience in Russia under sanctions. Following Russia's special military operations in Ukraine, successive Western sanctions were imposed on Russia, primarily targeting its energy sector and global exports. This study aims to identify the key components affected by these sanctions by examining Russia’s energy security within a structured framework. The findings indicate that sanctions have had a negative impact on Russia's energy security and inflicted economic damage. However, Russia has demonstrated resilience in its energy sector by implementing strategic policies, such as diversifying oil and gas export destinations and strengthening energy transportation infrastructure through investment and new projects. Despite these successes, Russia remains highly dependent on fossil fuel extraction and exports, with limited progress in increasing the share of renewable energy, which remains a major weakness.