رابطه بین میزان مصرف رسانه ای جوانان شهر تهران و اعتماد آنها به نظام سیاسی1 (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
اعتماد به نظام سیاسی مهمترین سرمایه اجتماعی یک حکومت و مبنای مشروعیت آن است. نظر به نقش رسانه ها در این باره ، در پژوهش حاضر،به بررسی میزان مصرف رسانه ای جوانان و رابطه آن با اعتماد به نظام سیاسی پرداخته شده است. جامعه آماری عبارت از جوانان 35-18 سال شهر تهران است که 384 تن از آنان ، با استفاده از روش تصادفی طبقه ای توزیع به نسبت به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند .برای گردآوری داده ها از شیوه پیمایش و ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته ، و برای تجزیه وتحلیل آن از نرم افزار spss استفاده شد. روایی این پرسش نامه با استفاده از روش اعتبار صوری وپایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ انجام شد . نتایج تحقیق گویای آن است که بین استفاده افراد از رسانه های داخلی با میزان اعتماد به نظام سیاسی همبستگی مستقیم وجود دارد .ودررابطه با استفاده کنندگان از رسانه های خارجی به صورت معکوس استThe relationship between the amount of media consumption of the youth of Tehran and their trust in the political system
Trust in the political system is the most important social capital of a government and the basis of its legitimacy. Political trust is a set of positive attitudes towards political issues that go back to the political regime and authority holders in society .political trust is a form of support for the political regime and those with political authority. Trust in the political system is not the same in all members of the society, its level is affected by various factors, including the role of the media in this field. One of the age groups among whom the issue of trust in the political system is of great importance is the youth. This stratum, as the main pillar of the Islamic system, is considered as one of its pillars, which can play an effective role in the continuation of the life of the Islamic Republic system and its ideals. A review of the political and social events in Iran in the years after the victory of the Islamic Revolution indicates that the supporters and opponents of this system have always tried to use the media in different ways to achieve their goals. Therefore, the development of the media increased. Its penetration rate has been seriously considered. Examining the activities of the foreign media indicates that they are also aware of the importance of the issue, in their plans, they seek to weaken the level of trust of this group in the political system. Regarding the role of the media in this regard, in the current research, the amount of media consumption by young people and its relationship with trust in the political system has been investigated, and the role of a wide range of domestic and foreign media has been discussed, while in other cases, only the role of one The media has been taken into consideration or that the media consumption has been examined in general and without considering the dependence of the media. the theoretical basis of this research is based on the theory of use and satisfaction. This theory is the development and generalization of the theory of selection and the limitation of influence and mass communication, which believes that the audience decides what program to choose and from which means of communication. This approach is looking for reasons and motivations that encourage the audience to use the media in different ways and in different forms and thereby satisfy themselves. In terms of nature, this research can be classified as descriptive research, in terms of objective, in the category of applied studies, and in terms of measurement and analysis method, it can be classified as quantitative research. The statistical population consists of young people aged 18-35 in Tehran, of which 384 people , were studied using the stratified random method of proportional distribution as a sample. Based on this, first Tehran city was divided into 5 main districts and then the said society was divided into sixty strata according to the place of residence, sex and age group, and then considering the sample ratio, the sample size was calculated for each stratum. To collect data, it is a survey method and a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and it consists of three parts, the first part is about questions related to demographic characteristics, the second part of the questionnaire is about items and questions related to media consumption, and the third part is about measuring the level of trust in the system. SPSS software was used for the political analysis. The validity of this questionnaire was done using the face validity method and its reliability was done through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the trust factor of the political system was 0.952. Considering that the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was more than 0.7, its reliability was confirmed. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data, for this purpose frequency distribution tables and central indices were used to describe the findings. To test the hypotheses, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data, and due to its non-normality, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used as a non-parametric test. The research results show that there is a direct correlation between people's use of domestic media and the level of trust in the political system. And in relation to foreign media users, it is reversed. The results also indicate that the people under study use all kinds of domestic and foreign media, both collective and social, but it is expected that depending on the dependence of each of the mentioned media, the level of people's trust in the political system will vary. The test of the research hypotheses also confirms this point, because the more the respondents use domestic media that are under government supervision, the more their trust in the political system increases, while the more they use foreign media, The level of people's trust in the political system also decreases. In the interpretation of these results, it can be said that trust in the political system is the most important social capital of a democratic government and also the basis of its legitimacy. The Islamic Republic of Iran, which was formed on the basis of religious democracy, was elected by the people and its survival depends on the support and will of the people. Therefore, by using the media under his control, such as radio, television, press, etc., he is trying to increase the level of people's trust. On the other hand, the opposition-affiliated media also aim to reduce people's trust in the Islamic Republic system by using different methods. It is clear that according to the role of the media in the formation of attitudes and behaviors, the audience of each of the two categories of the mentioned media has been influenced by it and the level of their trust in the political system also changes. It should be noted that the data collection period of this research coincided with the inflammation caused by the unrest in the fall of 2022 in the country.
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