بررسی فرهنگی-اجتماعی بافت تاریخی باباقاسم و ارائه مجموعه اقدام های مداخله اجتماعی (مطالعه موردی: محلههای شهشان، دردشت و سنبلستان اصفهان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در انجام دادن طرح های شهری توجه به ابعاد اجتماعی-فرهنگی همزمان با نگاه فیزیکی و کالبدی ضروری است. در نوسازی و بهسازی بافت های تاریخی به مداخله کاربری توجه می شود؛ اما به مداخله اجتماعی یا فرهنگی توجهی نمی شود؛ در حالی که محققان در پژوهش ها نشان می دهند که قبل از هرگونه مداخله کالبدی لازم است ابعاد اجتماعی و فرهنگی اصلاح و بررسی شود؛ بنابراین هدف از انجام دادن پژوهش حاضر بررسی فرهنگی-اجتماعی بافت تاریخی باباقاسم و ارائه مجموعه اقدام های مداخله اجتماعی محله های شهشان، دردشت و سنبلستان است. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی است که در آن بر ای گردآوری اطلاعات از دو روش کتابخانه ای و میدانی استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری شامل ساکنان محله های شهشان، دردشت و سنبلستان منطقه ۳ اصفهان است. در پژوهش حاضر برای تعیین نمونه آماری از فرمول کوکران استفاده شده است که بر این اساس، تعداد 320 نفر از ساکنان محله باباقاسم انتخاب و مطالعه و سپس با 100 نفر از ساکنان و افراد کلیدی محله های شهشهان، دردشت و سنبلستان نیز مصاحبه انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات درپژوهش حاضر در دو مرحله مجزا صورت پذیرفت. در مرحله اول برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به دست آمده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 24 و در مرحله دوم نیز از روش تحلیل محتوایی که در آن مفاهیم و درونمایه های موجود در داده ها با یک رویکرد سیستماتیک استخراج، تفسیر و سپس گزارش می شود، استفاده شد. باتوجه به نتایج مشخص شد که ازطرفی، بین احساس تعلق ساکنان به محیط زندگی خودشان، اعتماد اجتماعی، پیوند اجتماعی بین ساکنان، میزان مشارکت پذیری و تمایل ساکنان به نوسازی رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. از طرف دیگر، با زیاد شدن این شاخص ها تمایل به نوسازی افزایش و فرسودگی کاهش می یابد؛ بنابراین این نتیجه حاصل می شود که با تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی در محله باباقاسم می توان از فرسودگی بیشتر این محله ارزشمند شهر جلوگیری کرد.Investigation of the Cultural-Social and Historical Contexts of Baba Qasim and Presenting a Set of Social Intervention Measures (Case Study: Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbulistan Neighborhoods of Isfahan)
When implementing urban plans, it is crucial to consider socio-cultural dimensions alongside physical aspects. While restoration and enhancement of historical contexts often prioritize physical intervention, social and cultural aspects are sometimes overlooked. Research indicates that prior to any physical intervention, it is essential to address and evaluate social and cultural dimensions. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the cultural-social and historical contexts of Baba Qasim and propose a series of social intervention measures in the neighborhoods of Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbulistan. The research methodology employed in this study was descriptive-analytical, utilizing both library and field methods for data collection. Furthermore, in line with the research approach, endeavors were made to conduct people-centered and participatory planning through the use of questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population comprised the residents of the neighborhoods of Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbulistan in Isfahan Region 3. To determine the statistical sample, Cochran's formula was utilized, resulting in the selection and study of 320 residents of Babaghasem Neighborhood. Additionally, interviews were conducted with 100 residents and key figures from Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbalistan neighborhoods. Data analysis in this research was conducted in two distinct stages. Initially, the SPSS version 24 software was employed to analyze the collected information. Subsequently, the content analysis method was utilized to extract, interpret, and systematically report the concepts and themes present in the data. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the residents' sense of belonging to their living environment, social trust, social cohesion among residents, level of participation, and residents' willingness to engage in renovation efforts. Consequently, as these indicators increased, there was a greater inclination towards renovation and a reduction in deterioration. Therefore, it was concluded that by bolstering social capital in the neighborhood of Baba Qasim, further degradation of this valuable neighborhood of the city could be averted.Keywords: Cultural-Social Context, Historical Context, Renovation, Improvement, Baba Qasim. IntroductionThe historic cores of the country's cities, which embody the history, identity, and authenticity of the city, encompass the old neighborhoods that have, in recent times, experienced significant transformations. If the current trajectory persists, these neighborhoods risk losing their original character and charm. Despite their historical significance, these areas possess all the essential elements for vibrant community life, including social connections, physical identity, and economic self-sufficiency. However, tapping into these potentials for redevelopment requires a comprehensive perspective. Consequently, cities must undergo transformation for various compelling reasons. For many years, intervention, rejuvenation, and revitalization of ancient and historical urban contexts have been fundamental concerns within the planning systems of countries with rich urban histories. The urban regeneration approach has emerged as one of the most recent and widely accepted methods for addressing deteriorating urban structures. Materials & MethodsThis study aligned with the socio-cultural exploration of the historical context of Baba Qasim by identifying pertinent indicators and examining them. As such, the research was of an applied and descriptive-analytical nature in terms of its approach and methodology. To conduct the research, initial information regarding the subject and the region was gathered from books, documents, and statistics. Subsequently, the necessary data were obtained through field studies, encompassing interviews, questionnaires, and individual household characteristics. Data analysis in this study was carried out in two distinct stages. Initially, the SPSS version 24 software was utilized to analyze the collected information. Following this, the identified factors were assessed using content analysis. Research FindingsThis section commenced with the presentation of the research results and descriptive findings, outlining the respondents' profiles and citizens' opinions on the closed questions of the questionnaire followed by a summary of the open questions and interviews. The statistical analysis revealed a significant and robust relationship between the residents' sense of belonging, social trust, social cohesion, and participation with their inclination towards renovation. Furthermore, it was established that a higher level of belonging, social trust, social connection, and participation among neighborhood residents correlated with a heightened desire for renovation and a reduction in wear and tear within the study area. The collected interviews indicated that the residents of Baba Qasim Neighborhood aspired to enhance the neighborhood across the four physical, social, economic, and environmental dimensions.Discussion of Results & ConclusionThe approach to revitalizing deteriorating urban areas requires a substantial reevaluation. Historically, prevailing approaches have been predominantly focused on physical aspects, whereas global trends advocate for comprehensive strategies with greater emphasis on non-physical elements. An approach rooted in understanding the historically established harmony between the city and its inhabitants, striving to achieve its objectives with minimal direct physical intervention and limited alterations, is imperative. Consequently, revitalizing these areas cannot be accomplished solely through physical interventions, social programs, or residents’ financial and non-financial assets. The envisioned solutions to address this issue can be categorized into three primary strategies: firstly, eliminating physical signs of deterioration in the hope of slowing down the process; secondly, addressing the economic and social origins of deterioration through targeted interventions; and thirdly, preventing the deterioration of at-risk areas. It is worth noting that historical interventions in deteriorating areas have predominantly focused on physical aspects, yielding limited success in revitalizing these areas through structural changes. Furthermore, insufficient resources have been allocated to this issue and urban organizations have primarily relied on self-governing methods to initiate renovation efforts.