طراحی الگوی استاندارد اماکن ورزشی بر مبنای ترکیب متغیرهای محیطی و اقلیمی در استان اردبیل با روش های MADM و FANP (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با رهیافت تناسب اراضی برای احداث استادیوم ورزشی روباز در استان اردبیل با رویکرد آب و هوایی انجام شده است. بدین منظور از متغیرهای آب و هوایی شامل میانگین دما، بارش های برف و باران همراه با متغیرهای محیطی استفاده و از تلفیق رویکرد تصمیم گیری چندشاخصه (MADM)، تکنیک تحلیل شبکه فازی (FANP) برای تعیین وزن و اهمیت پارامترها در تناسب اراضی و از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) برای ترسیم نقشه توزیع فضایی پارامترها در پهنه استان اردبیل استفاده شده است. در این پژوهش برای هر متغیر یک لایه ایجاد و پس از تعیین وزن آنها با فازی کردن و روی هم گذاری لایه ها، اراضی بهینه برای پیاده سازی اماکن ورزشی در استان اردبیل تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که متغیرهای روزهای برفی و میانگین دما به ترتیب با درجه فازی 241/0 و 163/0 بیشترین اهمیت و اثرگذاری و ازمیان معیارهای محیطی نیز شیب زمین و ارتفاع به ترتیب با درجه فازی 294/0 و 166/0 بیشترین اهمیت را در انتخاب اراضی برای احداث استادیوم های ورزشی در استان اردبیل دارند. نتایج تناسب اراضی نشان داد که منطقه های واقع در نیمه شمالی استان اردبیل به ویژه دشت مغان، گرمی، اصلاندوز و بیله سوار درجه مطلوبیت برای احداث استادیوم ورزشی را دارند.Designing A Standard Model of Sports Facilities Based on the Combination of Environmental and Climatic Variables in Ardebil Province Using Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) and Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) Methods
Background: This study aimed to assess the suitability of land for constructing an outdoor sports stadium in Ardebil Province, focusing on the climate.Methodology: Weather variables, such as mean temperature, snowfall, and rainfall, along with environmental factors, were considered. The evaluation utilized a combination of Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM), Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP), and Geographic Information System (GIS). A separate layer was created for each variable and after determining their weights, overlaying the layers with fuzzing was used to identify optimal lands for sports facilities in Ardebil Province.Results: The findings indicated that snowy days and average temperature were the most significant factors influencing the selection of land for sports stadium construction in Ardebil Province with fuzzy degrees of 0.241 and 0.163, respectively. Among the environmental criteria, land slope and elevation were the most important factors for selecting land for sports stadium construction in Ardebil Province with fuzzy degrees of 0.294 and 0.166, respectively. The land suitability results revealed that areas in the northern half of Ardebil Province, particularly Moghan Plain, Garmi, Aslandoz, and Beile-Savar, were highly suitable for constructing a sports stadium.Keywords: Ardebil Province, Climate, Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM), Sports Facilities, Suitability of Lands. IntroductionThis study focused on assessing the suitability of land for constructing an outdoor sports stadium in Ardabil Province, taking into account the climate. The construction of outdoor sports complexes is influenced by environmental and economic factors with climatic conditions being particularly crucial in selecting suitable locations for such stadiums. Ardabil Province boasts diverse topographical, geographical, and climatic conditions, all of which significantly impact the planning of its sports facilities. With its cold and dry climate and substantial variation in altitude, careful consideration of the type and location of sports facilities is essential in this province. Materials & MethodsTo identify potential sites for constructing outdoor sports facilities in Ardabil Province, a climate-spatial information database pertaining to sports facilities in the region was initially established. Subsequently, both quantitative and qualitative criteria and sub-criteria related to climate essential for developing a standard model for sports facilities were compiled. The climatic criteria considered in the assessment of sports facilities encompassed snow days, average temperature, precipitation, and wind speed. Environmental criteria included proximity to urban areas, elevation classes, land use, distance from rivers and roads, land slope, soil type, and distance from villages. For the climatic sub-criteria, meteorological data for Ardabil Province from 2000 to 2020 were gathered and spatial distribution maps of meteorological parameters were generated. Regarding the environmental sub-criteria, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Ardabil Province with a spatial accuracy of 30 meters was created using data from the SRTM sensor and surface topology, geological, and soil maps of Ardabil Province were prepared in ArcGIS. Additionally, a land use map was generated using Landsat 8 imagery and a map of land use classes for 2022 was produced by implementing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm on the training points. Subsequently, a layer was created in ArcGIS for each sub-criterion and Euclidean distance maps were generated for them. Fuzzy operators were employed to render each map fuzzy, resulting in the creation of fuzzy maps and their fuzzy weights and degrees were determined using Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP). 20 questionnaires were developed using the Delphi method and their validity and reliability were confirmed through the KS test. The fuzzy overlay method employing the SUM operator was utilized to identify optimal lands for constructing a sports stadium in Ardabil Province. Research FindingsThe results obtained from the fuzzy network analysis technique revealed that, among the climatic criteria, snow days and average temperature with fuzzy degrees of 0.241 and 0.163, respectively, exerted the most significant influence on the selection of land for constructing sports stadiums in Ardabil Province. Furthermore, the findings indicated that, among the environmental criteria, land slope and elevation with fuzzy degrees of 0.294 and 0.166, respectively, were the most crucial factors in determining suitable land for sports stadium construction in Ardabil Province. The map of climate criteria derived from overlaying and weighting the prepared climate layers using the fuzzy network analysis identified Pars Abad, Beile Savar, Garmi, and Aslandoz to be highly suitable for sports stadium construction due to having favorable climate conditions. Conversely, lands in the southern areas of Ardabil Province, particularly the central plains of Ardabil, Khalkhal, and Sarein, were deemed unsuitable due to having severe weather conditions and extreme coldness. Similarly, the map of environmental criteria produced by overlaying and weighting the prepared environmental layers using the fuzzy network analysis indicated that lands in Ardabil Plain, Abibi Biglo Plain, Mughan Plain, and to some extent, Meshkin-Shahr were suitable for constructing sports structures and open stadiums. Conversely, the heights of Sablan, Khalkhal, and the southeast of Ardabil were deemed unsuitable for sports stadium construction due to having harsh environmental conditions, including high slopes, elevations, and rocky terrain. Discussion of Results & ConclusionThe assessment of land suitability revealed that the most suitable areas for constructing a sports stadium and outdoor sports facilities in Ardabil Province were situated in the northern half, particularly in Mughan Plain, Garmi, Aslandoz, and Beile Sawar. Conversely, the central and southern regions of Ardabil Province, especially the heights of Meshkinshahr and Khalkhal, were deemed unsuitable for sports stadium construction. Ardabil Plain, Meshkinshahr, Namin, and the southern part of Firozabad had the potential for constructing sports stadiums with specific arrangements.
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