راهبردهای توانمندسازی زیستمحیطی در سکونتگاه های انسانی (مطالعه شهرستان دلفان، استان لرستان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه مشارکت مردم و توانمند کردن جوامع روستایی به عنوان پیش نیازهای پایداری محیط زیست است. در حقیقت، توانمندسازی مردم محلی منجر به مشارکت فعّال آنان در حفاظت از محیط زیست خواهد شد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تبیین مفهومی راهبرد توانمند سازی محیط زیست در جوامع روستایی، استخراج شاخص های اثرگذار و ارائه راهبرد های آن در دهستان میربگ جنوبی است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف و باتوجه به ماهیت تبیینی خود جزئی از پژوهش های بنیادی با رویکرد اکتشافی و از نظر روش شناسی جزء پژوهش های توصیفی-تحلیلی است. در این پژوهش پس از شناسایی و تعریف مؤلفه های مؤثر بر توانمندسازی زیست محیطی با مطالعات کتابخانه ای و بهره گیری از آرا خبرگان و تشکیل بانک داده موضوعی مد نظر برای برداشت اطلاعات، پرسشنامه تخصصی طراحی و سپس در بین 365 خانوار و 5 روستا از دهستان میربگ به صورت طبقه ای توزیع و نتایج آن در مدل ترکیبی ANP-DEMATLE تحلیل شد. مؤلفه های فناوری های نوین زیست محیطی (A4) با ضریب وزنی 094/0، مشوّق های مالی (A8) با ضریب وزنی 094/0و سرمایه گذاری های زیست محیطی (A11) با ضریب وزنی 086/0 بیشترین اثر را بر روند توانمندسازی زیست محیطی در قلمرو مطالعه خواهد داشت. از میان شاخص های منتخب، ضریب اثر شاخص های مدیران و تصمیم گیران (A14) با ارزش وزنی 014/0 و شاخص طرح ها و برنامه های فرادست (A15) با ارزش وزنی 019/0 کمترین اثر را در فرآیند توانمندسازی زیست محیطی ساکنان در قلمرو مطالعه خواهند داشت.“The strategies of Environmental empowerment in human settlements (Study of Delfan, Lorestan province)
Background: Today, active participation and empowerment of rural communities are essential for achieving environmental sustainability. Empowering local people will lead to their active involvement in environmental protection. Research Method: This research aimed to elucidate the concept of environmental empowerment strategy in rural communities, identify effective indicators, and present strategies in South Mirbeg District. It is a part of basic research with an exploratory approach due to its purpose and descriptive-analytical methodology. After identifying and defining the effective components of environmental empowerment through literature review and expert opinions, a specialized questionnaire was designed to collect information from 365 households and 5 villages. Research Innovation: The innovative aspect of this research lay in the thematic combination of empowerment and environmental strategies. Research Findings: The components of new environmental technologies (A4) with a weighting factor of 0.094, financial incentives (A8) with a weighting factor of 0.094, and environmental investments (A11) with a weighting factor of 0.086 had the greatest effects on the process of environmental empowerment in the territory. Among the selected indicators, the effect coefficient of managers and decision-makers (A14) with a weighted value of 0.014 and the index of extrapolated plans and programs (A15) with a weighted value of 0.019 had the lowest effects on the process of environmental empowerment of residents in the territory. Keywords: Environmental Protection, Environmental Empowerment, Native-Local Communities, Mirbeg District Introduction The environment is a focal point of global political debates and the necessity has compelled humanity to take it seriously as a political and social issue, aiming to prevent further disruption of the Earth's natural harmony and to act as stewards of the Earth and its inhabitants. Indeed, participation and empowerment of local communities in environmental planning represent a practical approach to addressing inadequacies caused by top-down programs. Environmental empowerment emphasizes participatory dimensions in development plans and serves as a platform for realizing various aspects of village development. Delfan Township located in Lorestan Province comprises 3 divisions, 10 districts, and 532 villages, while 96 villages are uninhabited. South Mirbeg District, a part of Delfan City, has a population of 5817 and 1664 households with 10 villages and is situated in the central part of the city. This district includes 43 villages, while 40 villages are inhabited and 3 villages are uninhabited. Environmental challenges faced by rural communities in this area include climate change, unsustainable water resource usage, soil degradation, excessive chemical use in agriculture, biodiversity reduction, unstable migration, and lack of access to basic services in villages. In this context, environmental empowerment of local communities is an effective strategy for environmental protection in rural areas and on a global scale. It leads to changes in the environmental behavior of villagers and directly impacts the actions of villagers and the environment. Therefore, this research aimed to explain the concept of environmental empowerment and prioritize the components that affect it. Materials & MethodsThis research constituted a combined basic and applied study and methodologically, it was categorized as descriptive-analytical. The effective components of environmental empowerment were identified and defined through library studies and expert opinions, forming a comprehensive data bank on the subject. Subsequently, a specialized questionnaire was developed to gather information from 365 households and 5 villages in the countryside of Mirbeg, employing a stratified distribution. The collected data were then analyzed using the ANP-DEMATLE hybrid model. Research FindingsThe results of the structural model of ANP-DEMATLE indicated that, according to the respondents in 5 selected villages in Mirbeg District, the indicators of A4 and A8 were identified as the most effective with an importance coefficient of 0.094. Conversely, Index A14 (the role of managers and decision makers) was recognized as the least important indicator in the process of environmental empowerment in the selected villages. Discussion of Results & ConclusionEnvironmental protection, while being a duty of governments, also necessitates the genuine and conscious participation of people. Paying attention to local communities and their environmental knowledge is an effective means to enhance villagers’ capabilities, significantly contributing to the cultivation of a culture of environmental protection. In such a scenario, villagers’ participation can play a pivotal role in preserving and supporting the rural environment.Furthermore, in alignment with the realization of environmental goals and residents’ participation, there is a need for programs and policies from environmental institutions. This can only be achieved through participatory and effective management of programs and policies. Empowering communities related to environmental protection is a fundamental prerequisite, encompassing the evaluation of villagers' sensitivity to the environmental values of their regions.In this context, the most crucial components of empowerment, such as new environmental technologies, financial incentives, environmental investments, provision of financial and supportive facilities, economic foundations, selection of expert and experienced managers, support and encouragement of environmentally compatible investments and technologies, job creation, expansion of income opportunities, establishment of environmental audit systems, and efforts to create and strengthen institutions and non-governmental organizations, were thoroughly examined.
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