Dignity

Background: One of the most fundamental principles that should be considered in the care ‎of ‎the elderly is dignity. This study aims to analyze the concept of dignity in elderly by the ‎Rogerschr('39') ‎evolutionary approach‏. The most relevant concepts to dignity were included respect, independence and privacy ‎of ‎the elderly. There are four types of dignity. One of them is inherent dignity that everyone has it. ‎Merit, moral and personal identity are the other types of dignity. Maintenance of privacy, ‎personal ‎information, proper communication and sensitivity to the needs of the elderly are the ‎precedent of dignity. Identity preservation, personal participation, feeling of ‎security, achieving ‎the satisfaction by old adults, improving the quality of life, happiness, ‎elderly prosperity, and ‎so on are the antecedents of dignity.‎ Conclusion‏:‏ Dignity is a complex, abstractive, multidimensional, and evolutionary concept ‎that ‎should be considered as part of careerschr('39') thinking in order to provide appropriate nursing ‎care. ‎In this study, some of its most relevant dimensions were clarified in the nursing ‎context, ‎reflecting changes in some of the relevant features and concepts in recent decades. It is necessary that nurses consider them in their daily action.

Many local and foreign theorists and authorities have tried to present a theoretical elaboration of the nature of Imam Khomeini’s leadership and its profound impact. Therefore, the basic question of this research foresees this fact ‘What kind of interactions has existed between Imam Khomeini’s personality and leadership method and the observation of human dignity?’ Was this method of leadership and its immense influence on the basis of the rejected model of charismatic leadership and can it be interpreted on this basis? The findings of this research, based on the analytical-documental method indicate the complete interaction of Imam Khomeini’s character and leadership method, with the theme of human dignity and specifies that the Imam-as the highest symbol of human dignity and particularly a perfect human being and in the position of an educated, pure and dynamic religious authority in the lap of the high Islamic and Shiite teachings during his life and periods of leadership-had a special and inexpressible attention to the subject of human dignities and basically one of the reasons for the immense influence of his leadership are attributed precisely to this fact. Attempts have also been made concerning the incompatible aspects of the charismatic leadership with human dignities and demonstrating the lack of conjunction of this model with the Imam’s leadership style, as another document to be presented in support of quest for dignity and dignity-centered attitudes of his character and leadership. Indeed, the Imam was the symbol of dignity and the perfect divine human being and for this reason, he left his profound impact on the peoples’ opinion and the majority of Muslims, the impact that has not become routine and afflicted with any defect.

This paper advances a framework for the evaluation of Sharia (Islamic law) with respect to the modern notion of international human rights law. The paper argues that certain universal standards of human rights and freedoms, as understood and formulated in international human rights documents, lack precise equivalents in Islamic law, and some generally-accepted principles of Sharia contradict corresponding principles of international human rights law. Sharia's response to the idea of human rights and traditional interpretation of Islamic law are hard to reconcile with international human rights norms and standards. It is also argued that the application of Sharia, public and criminal law in particular, is problematic and results in deficiencies and hardship in Muslim societies. This paper contributes to the debate on Islamic reformism and human rights in arguing that Sharia's contradiction of universal human rights norms cannot be avoided, and that traditional mechanisms of reform within the framework of Sharia are inadequate for achieving the necessary degree of reform. It is suggested that, based on a cross-cultural dialogue and intellectual debate, an essential and primary reform should define the objective foundations of human rights in reason and human dignity, not on Sharia criteria and qualifications.

This paper argues for acceptance of digniry as a concept that ne use to describe an aggregate ef values and qualities of someone or something that deserve esteem and respect. The primary value that creates the nght to have dzgniry is life. The degree of dzgniry according to a particular life form depends on its place in the evolutionary scale. Human beings are the hzghestform ef life so thry possess the highest degree ofdigniry

Security as one of the basic human needs has a special place in relaxation, comfort and spiritual needs provision. For this reason, security is always of managers, planners, architects and urban designers' interest. Solutions and strategies of security provision have been fundamentally changed following prevailing change of housing architecture patterns from homes to residential complexes and high-rise buildings. Principles, concepts and patterns of residential complexes form are also more originated from its resources and ideas shaping namely Western culture rather than Iranian-Islamic foundations. Individual and social security is emphasized as one of effective aspects in housing design and residential complexes in Islam. The present study was done aimed to explain a conceptual framework for Iranian-Islamic design of residential complexes. The method is a qualitative type and using documents and Islamic texts and also a few examples of residential complexes and validation by experts. The results of the study show that two main principles are dignity and privacy and subsidiary principles are contentment, clarity, nature, evolution from diversity to unity, classification and spatial hierarchy and proximity of the main structure of conceptual framework of individual and social security in residential complexes.