مطالب

Football stadiums are the main infrastructures of this popular sport in the society. The purpose of this study is to provide a Pattern for cultural promotion in football fans in stadiums in Iran, which was done by qualitative research method and using grounded theory approach. Through snowball sampling and by conducting 21 semi-structured interviews with university professors and experts in football and culture theoretical saturation was achieved. The results of data analysis in 3 stages of open-coding, axial-coding and selective coding indicate 28 categories that these findings are within the framework of the final model including: Hooliganism, behavioral factors, media, managerial challenges, infrastructural factors and Juridical and legal as causal factors; the nature of football, advocacy and government actions and policy making as context factors; Celebrities, social contexts, economic conditions, Trends and interest, cultural and social and technology as an intervener; manpower, education and training, media, cyberspace, structural strategies and Infrastructural strategies as appropriate ways to promote the level of culture in football fans in stadiums as strategies. According to the proposed pattern, promoting the cultural level of the spectators, marketing development, Exercise promotion, financial development, social progress, the growth of moral security and growth of behavioral security in Iran can be mentioned as positive consequences of promoting cultural levels in football fan in stadiums.

The present research aims to investigate the effect of massage on fatigue and mood in female rowers. Pre-test and post-test of quasi-experimental design with a control group was used for the experiment. Participants in the study were 30 female rowers from Tehran province who participated voluntarily. The volunteer sample was randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Pre-test was carried out for both groups. The subjects in the experimental group then participated in 12 massage sessions under the supervision of a massage expert. Meanwhile, both groups also continued their normal rowing exercises. At the end of the intervention, post-test was carried out for both groups. Rating of perceived exertion and fatigue scale (Borg, 1982), mood questionnaire (Vaez Mousavi, 2007), and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to measure variables. Statistical analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to test the hypotheses. The results suggested that perceived intensity and fatigue were significantly reduced in the massage group compared to the control group (P <0.05). Also, anger (P=0.002), confusion (P=0.02), depression (P=0.028), mood fatigue (P=0.015), and stress (P=0.039) significantly decreased in the massage group compared to the control group. Force increased significantly in the massage group compared to the control group (P=0.008). In general, the results showed that 12 massage sessions could be used to decrease fatigue and improve mood in female rowers.

Today, competition to improve the quality of services is recognized as a critical strategic issue for sports venues. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of service quality on improving loyal behaviors. (A case study of customers of wrestling sports complexes in Kermanshah province). The research method was descriptive-correlational and was conducted in the field. The study's statistical population was the customers of wrestling halls in Kermanshah province. In this study, 450 people were considered as the statistical sample of the study by random cluster sampling. Bonajsui's (2012) Research Work Questionnaire was used to measure research variables. Univariate and multivariate regression and the Friedman test were used to analyze the data. The regression test results showed that the service quality variable has a predictive power of about 18% of the variance of communication quality. Furthermore, the results showed that the variables of personnel responsiveness, reliability, and trust in personnel could be significant predictors of the communication quality component. Also, the results showed that the variable of communication quality could be a significant predictor for the components of loyal behavior, word of mouth, purchasing desire, and dissatisfaction. The study's results showed that the quality of services affects the quality of communication. According to the results, the responsiveness of the complex staff, reliability, and trust in the personnel have a positive effect on the quality. At the same time, no relationship was found between the tangibles and empathy components with the relationship's quality. According to the results, improving the quality of services in sports complexes and the quality of customer relations are the main factors in the occurrence of loyal customer behaviors and their reappearance in the future.

This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors affecting the athletic commitment to train and compete in the armed forces. The research method was applied, and the study's statistical population consisted of athletes affiliated with the Armed Forces across the country, of whom 290 were selected as the sample. For data collection, in the beginning, the qualitative method and interview with elites were used, then the quantitative method containing a demographic questionnaire and sport commitment questionnaire (researcher-made) with 33 questions is used. The questionnaire comprises six dimensions: facilities, incentives, rules and regulations, financial and personal factors, and enjoyment and satisfaction. Collected data through equation modeling were analyzed using Amos 21 software and SPSS 22 software to identify the factors affecting the variables. The results showed that the research model had a good fit, and a positive and significant relationship existed between facilities and incentives, incentives, rules and regulations, finances, personal factors, and enjoyment and satisfaction with sport commitment. Finally, it is recommended that the physical education managers of the armed forces take advantage of all the national facilities to increase their athlete's athletic commitment.