مطالب

INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to investigate communication, information exchange, cooperation, and trust networks in Iran's Humanitarian Supply Chain at both inter-organizational and interpersonal levels. METHODS: This applied research was conducted based on a descriptive survey design. The statistical population of this research included the organizations and people involved in relief operations performed in three recent disasters: the fire-induced collapse of the Plasco building, Shahran gas explosion, and the flash flood in the Tehran subway. In order to analyze networks, a questionnaire containing network analysis questions was designed. Upon the completion of the questionnaires, the data of each network were entered systematically into a matrix on an excel spreadsheet. Such indexes as degree centrality, betweenness centrality, intersection points, isolation points, and network density were calculated by Ucinet and NetDraw software packages; therefore, the networks were analyzed. FINDINGS: Based on the results obtained from the analysis of communication, information exchange, and cooperation networks, the network density was 21%, indicating a low level of organizational relationship. At this level of communication, information exchange and cooperation were obtained at 11.5% and 16.5%, respectively. The analysis of the trust network also illustrated that the density of this network was 26.6%, suggesting that out of 21% of connections, there was about a quarter of possible trust. This is suggestive of low levels of inter-organizational Trust. CONCLUSION: Building trust in Iran's humanitarian service supply chain can be very effective in the acceleration of service supply, organization, and success of relief operations

Background: since ballads and songs make the art of music eloquent and expressive, they are considered as the connection ring and junction between these two branches of literature and art. The main objective of songs is transferring message and speech to audience, concentrating and penetrating into emotions and thoughts and imagination in the form of concepts to melody that this study has investigated commitment and people-centeredness in two illustrating elements of thought and imagination of the four poetic forms in the songs by Aref and Bahar from Constitutional Era and Rahi Mo’ayyeri and Moeini Kermanshahi. This study aims at understanding the importance of the type of purposeful and people-centered insight and thought of ballads and the poetry power of sing-writers to compose more original and more creative and more literary songs. Method: the descriptive-analytical research method based on comparing ballad works of song-writers with each other and with scientific-poetic standards has been used. Conclusion: according to scientific-literary measurement among the songs of four ballad-writers; poets had mastery over literary and poetic standards and poetic elements and their function, have composed more emotional and more pleasant songs. As far as melody has not been decorated with speech, is free from the element of thought and doesn’t enjoy poetry and literature criteria. The purpose and commitment of poet and song-writer reinforces the cultural and scientific dimensions and literary and emotional soul of ballads. The song of all four song-writers have had commitment and people-centeredness dimensions in the current study.