مطالب

The present study made an attempt to determine the translator’s choices made, both at macro and micro levels, to render humor from English into Persian. To this end, the English version of Teule’s (2008) The Suicide Shop and its Persian translation, which was made by Karamveisi (2017), was carefully investigated to extract humor and Persian translations. Then, Chiaro’s (2010) taxonomy of translation strategies, including replace the source VEH with a different instance of VEH in the TL , replace the source VEH with an idiomatic expression in the TL , ignore the VEH altogether , and leave the VEH unchanged , were applied to examine the translation strategies employed by Karamveisi to cope with humor. Karamveisi’s overall strategy for the whole text was also probed on the basis of Nida’s (1964) formal and dynamic equivalences. As the results indicated, Karamveisi was interested in the employment of the TT-oriented translation strategies rather than the ST-oriented ones that led his overall strategy at macro level to be the TT-oriented and his translation to be dynamic. Hence, Karamveisi was able to create the humorous effect on the recipients and amuse them successfully.

This study aims to explore the treatment of pronunciation in English language teaching and presents the position of pronunciation teaching at the tertiary level in Bangladesh. Many English language learners in Bangladesh have pronunciation problems both from production and perception perspectives. This research is mainly significant because it focuses on the key factors of effective pronunciation teaching implementation in the Bangladeshi context. Moreover, it explores the practical implications of learners’ pronunciation development. This research includes a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data and research procedures. It represents data collected from a total of 111 students and 20 teachers at five private universities in Bangladesh through a questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. The results of this study show key elements for the upgrading of pronunciation education and recommend effective techniques of teaching and learning for improving knowledge of pronunciation. It reveals that English pronunciation classrooms should not only emphasize theoretical knowledge but also encourage learners to practice more for practical skills and suggests possible pedagogical implications for teachers, researchers and policymakers. Finally, this study emphasizes on effective approaches and techniques based on Bangladeshi learners’ requirements.

Purpose: Considering the importance of sports entrepreneurship opportunities, the present study was conducted with the aim of modeling strategies for the development of sports entrepreneurship opportunities at the Middle level. Methodology : The current research was applied-developmental in terms of its purpose and exploratory-quantitative in terms of implementation method. The research community was sports entrepreneurs and postgraduate students of sports management, 164 of whom were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula and random sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on strategies for developing sports entrepreneurship opportunities (74 items), whose face validity was confirmed by the opinion of experts, and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method of 0.74. Data were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SmartPLS-3 software. Findings : The findings of the exploratory factor analysis showed that the solutions for the development of sports entrepreneurship opportunities at the middle level had 74 items in 7 situational and regional factors, market and business environment, media, education, support, management and technological infrastructure, which factor loading, convergent validity with The method of average variance extracted and reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method for all of them above 0.70. Also, the model of strategies for developing sports entrepreneurship opportunities had a good fit at the middle level and the model had a significant effect on each of the seven factors (P<0.001). Conclusion : According to the factors identified for the model of strategies for the development of sports entrepreneurship opportunities at the middle level and the effect of the model on each of the factors to improve the development of sports entrepreneurship opportunities, the conditions can be provided for the improvement of each of the factors.

The urgent need to provide capital from developing countries and improve the level of technology has made it necessary to attract foreign investment. FDI can respond to this need as an inflow of capital, technology, and technical know-how. The present study investigated the role of FDI attraction determinants through a technology transfer approach comprehensively and coherently. This research was conducted using a quantitative paradigm and a cross-sectional survey among experts. The statistical population consisted of Iranian experts, practitioners, and executives in investment and economics. The convenience sampling method was used to study 310 members of the statistical population. A researcher-made questionnaire was also used for data collection. The validity was determined using experts' views, and its reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha within a pre-test (n=20). Data were analyzed through the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method in Smartpls 3 software. The hierarchical component analysis (using two orders of constructs) was used to reduce the complexity of the structural model. The results showed that "international relations and agreements" as a primary variable correlated with FDI attraction, and "bureaucracy and domestic laws" significantly affected FDI attraction. In addition , the results indicate that "sanctions, "economic stability and security," and "workforce" are among the economic components that play a less significant role in FDI attraction.