درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Сердцевиной духовности России является её тысячелетнее лоно христианства в его подлинно национальной, избранной нашими предками конфессии православия, с его соборностью, терпимостью, человеколюбием, открытостью Божественному откровению. В нашем литературоведении идет поиск термина для обозначения метода изображения жизни, при котором духовный мир выступает как высшая реальность. Термин духовный реализм, под которым понимается облечение христианских идеалов в художественную форму, оказался наиболее продуктивным. Черты духовного реализма можно обнаружить не только в творчестве Б. Зайцева и И. Шмелева, но и В.Я. Шишкова, С.Д. Дрожжина, А.А. Ахматовой, Н.С. Гумилева, Ю. Кузнецова, Н. Рубцова, В. Крупина многих других писателей ХХ века и классиков русской литературы ХIХ века. Выявляется отличие духовного реализма от романтизма и традиционного реализма. В ряде современных произведений конфликт рисуется как борьба духа и плоти. В этой духовной брани происходит формирование личности.

В статье рассматриваются лингвокогнитивные тактики объективации представлений Л.Н. Толстого о вере и религии. Ключевыми словами категоризации данных представлений являются религия, вера, Бог, церковь. Тактики концептуализации можно разделить на научные и обыденные. С одной стороны, мыслитель даёт научное обоснование религии, с другой – формирует личностное понимание Бога. В мировоззрении Толстого эти подходы интегрируются. К лингвокогнитивным тактикам научной концептуализации можно отнести этимологизацию, дефинирование, метафоризацию, к тактикам наивной концептуализации – изменение интерпретанты традиционного символа, прямой оценочности и открытого авторского комментария.

Insurance companies are among the service organizations, which maintain close relationships with their clients by providing insurance services. Clients are the most important resource for service companies. And profitability of insurance companies undoubtedly hinges on clear analysis of client satisfaction and improved productivity of service providers. An important factor of client satisfaction with insurance services in insurance companies is short policy issuance lead time. Insurance companies have rarely paid enough attention to this problem; therefore, this paper aims to provide a strategy for improving policy issuance lead time by simulating the existing system and observing simulation results. After a software model was developed, the discrete-event simulation (DES) results were analyzed. Then model validation tests were conducted. After a valid simulated model was developed, it was decided to design system improvement scenarios. According to the results, policy issuance lead time decreased by changing each of these parameters: the number of operators issuing insurance policies, client referral time to a specialist, specialized test response time, and insurance representative referral time to a policy issuance center. As a result, the service process improved, and productivity increased. This indicates the effectiveness of the DES technique and expansion of operations research methods in the service industry.

One of the main concerns of scholars is the observance of intellectual property rights in the production of knowledge content. Data and knowledge derived from the results of research need to be produced based on ethical issues in order to provide context for solving problems through innovation, scientific accuracy and relevance on the basis of ethical principles. In this research, the intelligent knowledge audit model was designed for Islamic Azad University. The present research is applied and in the first stage due to the recognition of the dimensions of the model, is exploratory, in the second phase, the comparative study of the selected models, and in the third stage is analytical. The data gathering tool were a researcher-made questionnaire and interview. In the present research, a questionnaire was distributed through a sample of 205 professors and PhD candidates in the field of information technology management. The questionnaire was analyzed using structural equation modeling, and the conformity between the independent variables and the dependent variable was presented. In the following, a comparative study of the selected models was performed and after analyzing the interviews with the experts, the final model was designed. As a result, the use of structural and semantic analysis methods in sequence can lead to the prevention of repetitive content. This is heavily needed in order to achieve a systematic ethical responsibility.

The present research aims to design strategic management model in technical and vocational training. The research has qualitative design and for data analysis and classification, thematic Analysis Method (Thematic Network) was applied. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts of the Iran Technical and Vocational Training Organization. The number of 13 participants were selected by purposive method based on experience and expertise criteria. For data collection, the structured and semi-structured interview were used. The data collection process was performed using theoretical saturation technique until it reached the iteration and saturation stage. For data validation, triangulation method was used. Content validity index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were used to decision making and assess the consensus of experts and to evaluate the reliability, Holstein coefficient was considered. At the end of the thematic analysis process, the conceptual model of research was designed based on the themes extracted and the theoretical foundations of the research. Results showed that number of eight inclusive themes, including strategic goals, external environment analysis, internal environment analysis, strategic analysis, educational goals, technical and vocational training plans, implementation of technical and professional training and evaluation plans, as well as 33 organizing themes and 160 basic themes were recognized for the strategic management model in technical and vocational training. According to results, this model can provide promisingly a suitable framework for strategic management execution in skill training.

The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (a) First, it examined fairness of Special English Test (SET) of Iranian National University Entrance Exam (INUEE) by analyzing Differential Item Functioning (DIF) with reading comprehension section of this test (b) second, it explored test takers’ attitudes towards possible sources of unfairness and DIF. In the quantitative part of the study the data from 10000 test takers (6820 females and 3180 males) were analyzed for gender DIF using Mantel-Haenszel (MH) technique. It was revealed that only 6 items in the reading comprehension skill showed DIF. Further analysis manifested that the effect size of DIF for all six items were category A or negligible. Moreover, qualitative interview results indicated that learners generally considered the test a fair one while some potential sources of bias such as topic familiarity, multiple-choice format of the test, topic interest, passage length, and complex structure of test items were mentioned.

Cette recherche s’est intéressée à l’étude de l’une des représentations du contact de l’anglais avec le parler français québécois, à savoir la question des emprunts et plus précisément les mots et expressions calqués sur les mots anglais. Notre recherche s’est penchée sur un corpus constitué du contenu de deux titres de la presse écrite francophone au Québec, le quotidien Le Journal de Montréal et Le Soleil, pendant la période d’un an, afin d’y repérer les occurrences des calques à l’anglais dans le cadre d’une étude comparative avec celles des équivalents français proposés par notre ouvrage de référence Le Multidictionnaire de la langue française. Il s’agit de mettre en scène le témoignage de la presse écrite en termes des usages des calques par rapport aux équivalents français en cours des calques en question. Après avoir fait différents constats significatifs concernant le nombre des occurrences relevées des deux groupes, nous avons été capable de vérifier l’hypothèse proposée en ce qui concerne l’usage fréquent des calques à l’anglais dans le français québécois. Ainsi nous avons constaté que malgré la présence et la vitalité des calques à l’anglais, ceux-ci ne sont pas en mesure de rivaliser avec leurs équivalents français et ce dans un corpus de la presse écrite québécoise.