درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose- Among the most important challenges in the agricultural sector are lack of optimal use of production factors, multiplicity of parcels and dispersion of agricultural lands. Land consolidation is one of the effective solutions which can change the size of fields and organize them to increase production, especially in paddy fields, which facilities agricultural development and ultimately achieves a sustainable livelihood in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the success rate of paddy field consolidation project through the study of a group of farmers who are included in the land consolidation project. Design/Method/Approach- The population of the study consisted of 285 farmers from 11 villages of Choobar rural district in Shaft County who have been selected by regular sampling method. To collect the data, library and survey methods (observation and questionnaires) have been used. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the research tools, and in the analytical part, single-sample t-test was used to evaluate the success rate of the project in Choobar rural district; To investigate the relationship between land consolidation project and improvement in economic indicators of rural households, initially Spearman correlation coefficient was used, then simple regression test and coefficient of determination R2 were used to measure the effectiveness of the project on economic indicators. Finding- The research findings on the level of economic and social dimensions and the assessment of the success rate of the project in Choobar rural district showed the project was moderately to highly successful in the study area. The effects of the project in improving the socio-economic indicators of rural households in Choobar rural district are such that the highest correlations were found between the project and economic indicators in the use of machinery, land infrastructure, productivity, household employment, ease of access to machinery and manpower, income, and investment; At the level of social indicators the highest correlations were respectively found in interpersonal and generalized trust, objective participation, sense of physical security, insurance services, formal participation, conflict reduction and institutional trust. From farmers’ perspective, among the socio-economic indicators, the infrastructure indicator which is created by the government and the use of machinery after the implementation of the project, and the ease of access to machinery and manpower, interpersonal and generalized trust have had the greatest impact on the implementation of the project.

Since the Persian Gulf region is rich in energy resources, it has always been a witness to the presence of out-regional powers. In order to politically and economically dominate the region in different eras, the great powers formulated short-term and long-term plans. Among all, in order to maintain its economic supremacy in the world and maintain the regional order, the United States of America paid special attention to the Persian Gulf. Therefore, it found the cooperation with the Arabic countries in line with its policies a step towards energy security of this region so that it could transport oil and gas resources to its country with spending a little amount of money. In the meantime, other major powers such as the European Union, Russia, and China need energy resources of the Persian Gulf for launching their industry. Obviously, this can increase the confrontation of great powers with each other in the Persian Gulf region. This study sought to investigate the reasons for the presence of powers in the Persian Gulf region. Therefore, research methodology in this study was analytical-descriptive, and data were collected through library research and fieldwork in order to analyze the consequences of the presence of out-regional powers in the Persian Gulf. Hence, with the prevalence of regional conflicts and strife in South West Asia, we witnessed the change of the geo-economic structure of gas and oil; the reason for the presence of world powers in this area is to first supply the needed energy of their country in order to run industry and to secondly limit their competitors’ energy supply. <br />  <br />