پرویز مفتون

پرویز مفتون

مدرک تحصیلی: دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران- دانشکده زبان و ادبیات

مطالب
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین

فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۲۱ تا ۴۰ مورد از کل ۵۹ مورد.
۲۱.

Factors mediating noticing: An investigation into the impact of the complexity of target structures and learners' L2 proficiency level(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) Vol. ۲۳, No. ۱, March ۲۰۲۰ 83-108

کلیدواژه‌ها: Accessibility Hierarchy Hypothesis Attention Mediating factor note-taking Relative Clause

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۱۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۹
In order to establish the why of noticing, it is imperative to empirically explore the factors that potentially mediate noticing. This study aimed to explore two factors that are believed to affect noticing: the complexity of target structures and learners’ second language (L2) proficiency level. English relative clauses (RCs) were selected as the target structures, and Accessibility Hierarchy Hypothesis (AHH) was taken as the measure of the complexity of the RCs. A sample of 113 freshmen English language majors were selected as the participants of the study. A test of English RCs was developed as the placement test, and Key English Test (KET) was used to classify the participants into three groups of High (N=38), Mid (N=37), and Low (N=38) L2 proficiency level. Note-taking was used as the measure of noticing. After administering the RC test and the proficiency test, the participants were given a number of authentic reading texts containing instances of RCs and were required to take notes during reading activity. The non-parametric Friedman’s test demonstrated that the complexity of RCs positively affected the participants’ noticing while the non-parametric ANCOVA indicated that the participants’ L2 proficiency level had no significant effect on noticing. The findings of this study can be helpful to both teachers and material developers in providing learners with optimal conditions for noticing linguistic forms, which in turn, could facilitate L2 learning.
۲۲.

Hedges in English for Academic Purposes: A Corpus-based study of Iranian EFL learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۸, Issue ۳۳, Winter ۲۰۲۰ 115-129

کلیدواژه‌ها: academic writing Corpus Builder Software hedges Iranian corpus of learner English learner corpora

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۰۳ تعداد دانلود : ۵۰۵
Hedges, as tools to express tentativeness and doubt, have been studied in plenty of research papers in the Iranian EFL research setting. However, their use in a learner corpus, portraying Iranian learner English, is in need of more research attention. With this end in view, this study aimed at investigating how Iranian EFL learners who have majored in English-related fields in Iran deployed hedges in their academic, expository essays. This study was conducted through running the corpus analysis software MonoConc Pro-Semester version 2.2 on the electronically compiled Iranian Corpus of Learner English, totaling 436,035 words. Automatic and manual analyses suggested that hedges comprised only 7.4% of the total metadiscourse in the Iranian Corpus of Learner English, with 0.68 occurrences per 1,000,000 words. In a comparable native corpus, a sub-corpus of the British Academic Written English, hedges were used with 1.43 occurrences per 1,000,000 words (21% of the total metadiscourse in the corpus). Log-likelihood statistical analysis confirmed statistically significant differences between the two corpora in terms of the use of hedges, with underuse of hedges in the Iranian academic, expository essays relative to the English natives’ essays. Implementations of the results for English academic writing instruction including genre-based, explicit teaching of hedges through data-driven techniques with the aid of tools such as AntConc software and corpora such as the BAWE are considered.
۲۳.

برنامه آموزش زبان انگلیسی تاثیر برنامه برشناخت دبیران مبتدی/ باتجربه ایرانی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش های زبانشناختی در زبانهای خارجی دوره ۹ تابستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۲ 609 - 628

کلیدواژه‌ها: تربیت دبیر شناخت دبیر باور دانش دبیران مبتدی دبیران باتجربه

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شناخت دبیر و آموزش زبان، بطور کلی از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردارند و بطور ویژه از نظر آموزش دبیر زبان اهمیت می یابد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر برنامهء تربیت معلم بر شناخت (باور، دانش) دبیران زبان انگلیسی مبتدی/باتجربه در ایران است. پژوهشگران نمونه هدفمندی را با انتخاب 150 شرکت کننده از 5 واحد دانشگاه فرهنگیان در ایران دعوت به همکاری کردند. پژوهشگران پرسشنامه کامپیوتری شناخت را ساختند و اعتبار سنجی کردند که نشان دهندهء تفاوت معنادار بین باورهای دبیران مبتدی پیش و پس از آموزش بوده است. با این وجود، نتایج آزمون t زوجی، هیچ تفاوت آماری معناداری را بین باورهای دبیران با تجربه نشان نداد. مواد و محتوای آموزشی برای تمامی دبیران زبان انگلیسی که در دانشگاه فرهنگیان در ایران مشغول تحصیل بودند، مشترک بود. تحلیل یافته ها همچنین تفاوت معناداری را بین دانش دبیران مبتدی و باتجربه پس از آموزش نشان داد. پژوهش حاضر ممکن است کاربرد جذابی را برای مربیان زبان انگلیسی و مدرسان تربیت دبیری، تهیهء کنندگان مواد آموزشی و برنامه ریزان آموزشی داشته باشد.
۲۴.

بررسی رابطه واگویه، استدلال منطقی و دستاورد زبانی دانشجویان ایرانی از طریق تحلیل مسیر(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات زبان و ترجمه سال پنجاه و دوم تابستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: استنتاج ارزشیابی استدلال های منطقی واگویه دستاورد زبانی استدلال منطقی

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تعداد بازدید : ۸۷۲ تعداد دانلود : ۴۹۱
پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا ارتباط بین یکی از جنبه های اصلی نظریه اجتماعی فرهنگی ویگوتسکی (1978)، یعنی واگویه را، با استدلال منطقی و دستاورد زبانی دانشجویان ایرانی بررسی کند. این ارتباط مبتنی بر تعاملی پویا بین قدرت استدلال منطقی و واگویه دانشجویان وهمچنین ارتباط هریک از این ساختارها با دستاورد زبانی آن هاست. برای دستیابی به هدف پژوهش، 200 دانشجوی زبان انگلیسی از دانشگاه های مختلف ایران پرسش نامه هایی را تکمیل کردند. از شرکت کنندگان خواسته شد سه بخش از فعالیت ها (استنباط، استنتاج و ارزشیابی استدلال های منطقی) را از پرسش نامه «ارزیابی تفکر انتقادی واتسون گلیزر»ش (2010) انجام دهند. علاوه بر این، از آن ها خواسته شد به پرسش نامه «واگویه» طراحی شده توسط سیگریست (1995) پاسخ دهند. برای بررسی دستاورد زبانی، از شرکت کنندگان خواسته شد معدل خود را ذکر کنند. مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری برای تحلیل مدل براساس داده ها انجام شد. برای تعیین ناپیوستگی های شناساییشده در مدل، هر مسیر که نمایانگر روابط علی و معلولی است به طور مجزا بررسی شد. داده ها، پیش بینی های نظری در مورد رابطه بین استدلال منطقی و واگویه دانشجویان را تأیید می کنند. به علاوه، تحلیل داده ها نشان داد که واگویه دانشجویان با سه زیرمجموعه استدلال منطقی همبستگی مثبت و قدرت پیش بینی خوبی برای آن ها دارد. علاوه بر این، سه مؤلفه استدلال منطقی به شکل مؤثر و مثبتی میزان دستاورد زبانی دانشجویان ایرانی را پیش بینی می کنند. در نهایت می توان نتیجه گرفت که واگویه می تواند همبستگی غیرمستقیم و مثبتی با دستاورد زبانی دانشجویان داشته باشد.
۲۵.

The Effects of Systemic-Theoretical Instruction on Developing Iranian EFL Learners’ Explicit and Implicit Knowledge of Tense-Aspect System(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۷, Issue ۲۸, Winter ۲۰۱۹ 85-104

کلیدواژه‌ها: cognitive grammar grammar instruction socio-cultural theory Implicit Knowledge explicit knowledge

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۸۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴۸
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Systemic Theoretical Instruction (STI), grounded in Socio-cultural Theory and proposed by Gal’perin, on developing Iranian EFL learners’ knowledge of English tense-aspect system. To this end, two low-intermediate classes, including 24 and 21 language learners aged between 12-19, were taught the distinction between simple past and present perfect tense through STI and traditional method of grammar instruction. The learners sat for a pretest one week before the treatment and an immediate and delayed posttest, one and three weeks after the instruction, respectively. The tests included binary-choice and gap-filling items to evaluate the learners’ explicit knowledge of the target tense-aspect pairings and elicited imitation test items to check their implicit knowledge. The results obtained from a series of independent and paired-sample t-tests revealed a significant improvement for both groups in the immediate posttest both in terms of the entire test and its subcomponents suggesting that both types of instruction were effective in improving the learners’ implicit and explicit knowledge of the target forms in the short term. However, the significant outperformance of the STI group compared to the traditional group implied the superiority of this method. Moreover, the STI group generally outperformed the traditional group in the delayed posttest indicating the possibility of having a more lasting effect on developing learners’ knowledge when compared to the traditional method. These findings can have significant implications for teachers and materials developers in practicing the assumptions of more innovative approaches such as STI.
۲۶.

Towards an Operational Definition of Critical Thinking(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۲, No.۲۴, Spring & Summer ۲۰۱۹ 17 - 40

کلیدواژه‌ها: Critical thinking Cognitive Skills Mental Dispositions

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تعداد بازدید : ۸۰۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۹۳
This paper offers a state-of-the-art working definition for the concept of Critical Thinking (CT hereafter) in an attempt to provide a framework for the development of an operational definition for this complex concept. Having studied various definitions and models, proposed for CT by major figures in the field, the key defining features of this rich concept were identified and classified. Based on these key descriptors, a working definition consisting of three main components namely Mind Analysis , Data Evaluation , and Thinking in Education has been proposed and then each dimension of this definition is defined and elaborated further so that the complexity of the concept could be framed in an extended model. The elaborated conception of CT proposed in this paper seeks to include the core elements of CT so that it can be expandable into an operational definition with measurable items. There are two main reasons for conducting this research: Firstly, CT has evolved into a multifaceted construct with a broad range of cognitive abilities and intellectual dispositions. Secondly, although CT has been recognized as a significant concept in education, its full potential has not been achieved yet.
۲۷.

An Activity Theory Perspective on the Role of Cooperative Assessment in the Reading Comprehension of Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۸, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۹ 129 - 163

کلیدواژه‌ها: Activity theory Cooperative assessment cooperative learning Reading Comprehension

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۰۲
Reading comprehension has recently been reconceptualized in EFL reading instruction to foreground the importance of putting a social perspective on learning. Developed as a crucial aspect of Vygotskian sociocultural theory, activity theory views reading as a socially-mediated activity, for which the prerequisite cognitive processes are distributed among teacher, individual reader, other students, and artifacts (Cole & Engeström, 1993). Given that cooperation and division of labor are the central tenets of activity theory, this study aimed at investigating whether assessing cooperative learning had a decisive effect on the reading comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, 60 sophomores majoring in English translation at Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch, were selected as the participants of the study. The reading instruction was geared to cooperative learning based on the elements of activity theory. Over the course of 12 weeks, both the process and products of cooperative reading were self-, peer-, and instructor-assessed. The findings indicated that assessing cooperative reading through the lens of activity theory had a significant effect on the participants’ reading comprehension. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the products of cooperative reading in predicting the participants’ reading comprehension posttest scores. Furthermore, the results showed that the participants held favorable perception toward activity theory-based cooperative assessment. The findings are hoped to shine a light on collective reading and highlight the need for more innovative constructivist approaches to EFL reading in Iran.
۲۸.

The Effect of High School English Teachers' Awareness of Pedagogical Competence on Students' Learning Achievements(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۱, No. ۲, ۲۰۱۹ 1-30

کلیدواژه‌ها: English teachers Awareness of Pedagogical Competence High school

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۶۴ تعداد دانلود : ۳۸۰
The study examined the impact of high school English teachers’ awareness of pedagogical competence on student learning. A psychometric measurement instrument of English language teachers’ pedagogical competence (ELTPC) was first developed through factor analysis with 320 high school teachers in Guilan, northern Iran. Based on the developed instrument, 36 teachers were divided into two groups of aware and unaware teachers of pedagogical competence (PC) according to Contrasting Groups Method. Then, 160 high school third graders received instruction from the aware and unaware teachers for 7 weeks. Finally, a survey regarding the teachers’ implementation of pedagogical competence in classrooms was conducted with 30 students. The findings showed that the students in the aware teacher group outperformed the students in the unaware group of teachers. Although based on the survey results, the aware teachers were reported to act better with regard to the students’ learning achievements, they were not reported as highly practicing the pedagogical competence. The findings can be practically used by teachers, teacher educators, and education administrators.
۲۹.

The Effect of System-Nested, Genre-Oriented, Structurally-Mediated Writing Instruction on Academic Writing Motivation of Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۷ , N. ۴ , ۲۰۱۸ 569 - 598

کلیدواژه‌ها: writing motivation system-nested genre-oriented Structurally-mediated Model of Writing Instruction

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۲
The present study set out to investigate the effect of a newly-developed model of writing instruction in comparison with Swalesian genre approach, and the traditionally-favored product-oriented approach on Academic Writing Motivation of Iranian EFL learners. The devised model was called System-Nested, Genre-Oriented, Structurally-Mediated Model of Writing Instruction. Next, with a quasi-experimental design, three groups of learners received writing instruction via traditionally-favored product-oriented approach (N = 8), Swales’ genre-based approach (N = 8), and the newly-developed model (N = 7). The participants received an academic writing motivation questionnaire prior and subsequent to their treatments as pretest and posttest. The results of ANCOVA revealed that the participants in the newly developed model group outperformed the other two groups on the posttest of writing motivation. Additionally, the learners in the Swalesian genre approach group performed significantly better than those in the product-oriented approach group. Language teachers are encouraged to incorporate the system-nested, genre-oriented, structurally-mediated model of writing instruction or other genre-based models to improve learners’ academic writing motivation.
۳۰.

Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Computer-Assisted Writing Achievement within the Activity Theory Framework(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۱, No.۲۳, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۸ 67 - 84

کلیدواژه‌ها: Activity theory computer-assistedlanguage learning learning style preferences writing achievement

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۶۲ تعداد دانلود : ۳۸۹
Learning styles are considered among the significant factors that aid instructors in deciding how well their students learn a second or foreign language (Oxford, 2003). Although this issue has been accepted broadly in educational psychology,further research is required to examine the relationship between learning styles and language learning skills. Thus, the present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the perceptual learning style preferences and the participants’ writing achievement after receiving instruction based on computer-assisted language learning within the activity theory framework. For this purpose, 67 students majoring in English translation at a university in Iran were selected as the participants of the study based on their performance on a version of The Oxford Placement Test. A correlational research design was employed using a writing pretest and posttest and a style preference questionnaire. The writing instruction was based on an e-learning platform designed according to the activity theory framework. The results indicated lack of significant relationship between the participants’learning style preferences and theirwriting achievement. It was also found that there was no significant difference in the writing achievement of the participants across different learning style preferences.  
۳۱.

The sociolinguistic content analysis of imported ELT textbooks’ cultural values (global or local) and their impact on Iranian EFL learners’ social identity(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian journal of educational sociology, Vol ۱, Number ۱۰ (۲۰۱۸) 124-132

کلیدواژه‌ها: culture Globalization Identity Construction Social Identity

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۰۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۵
Purpose: Investigating the cultural content of EFL textbooks is significant in critical discourse studies. The effect of cultural values on EFL learners’ social identity has been less investigated in the Iranian context. This study aimed at identifying type of cultural values embedded in New Interchange and Passages textbooks in terms of being global, local or glocal and the impact of these textbooks’ cultural values on Iranian EFL learners’ social identity. Methodology: 90 upper-intermediate EFL learners at 2 private language institutes and high schools in the city of Gilanegharb were selected among a population of 120 EFL learners based on taking an Oxford Placement Test (OPT). They were randomly divided into an experimental group (45 learners) and a control group (45 learners). The experimental group received global cultural teaching through exposure to private institute textbooks’ cultural values while the control group was taught through local cultural values embedded in the local textbooks. A Student Identity Questionnaire (SIQ) was used as both pre-test and posttest. Data were analyzed through Independent Sample T-tests using SPSS 21 software. Findings: The results indicated that the most frequent textbook cultural values were social power through the U.S. superiority, social relation through friendship and party, and accomplishments through success. Further analysis showed that the textbook cultural values had a significant impact on social identity scores of Iranian EFL learners showing stronger agreement with global cultural values promoted in the imported textbooks. Discussion: Results had implications for EFL teachers, learners, policy makers and material developers.
۳۲.

Investigating English Teachers' Awareness of Pedagogical Competence and its Effect on Students' Language Learning(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۶, Issue ۲۳, Autumn ۲۰۱۸ 35 - 49

کلیدواژه‌ها: English teachers Awareness of Pedagogical Competence High School Students

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۸۴ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴۲
The study examined the impact of high school English teachers’ awareness of pedagogical competence on student learning. A psychometric measurement instrument of English language teachers' pedagogical competence (ELTPC) was first developed through factor analysis with 320 high school teachers in Guilan, Northern Iran. Based on the developed instrument, 36 teachers were divided into two groups of aware and unaware teachers of pedagogical competence (PC) according to Contrasting Groups Method of cut score. Then, 160 high school third graders received instruction from the aware and unaware teachers for 7 weeks. Finally, a survey regarding the teachers’ implementation of pedagogical competence in classrooms was conducted with 30 students. The findings from the experiment and survey supported the teachers in aware group. Although, based on the survey results, the aware teachers were reported to act better, they were not reported as highly practicing the pedagogical competence. The findings can be practically used by schools, education administration, and teacher educators.
۳۳.

The Effect of System-Nested, Genre-Oriented, Structurally-Mediated Model (SGSM) of Writing Instruction, and Swalesian Model (SM) upon Iranian Learners’ Writing Performance: A Comparative Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۷, No. ۲, ِDecember ۲۰۱۸ 29 - 59

کلیدواژه‌ها: writing Genre-based instruction system-nested genre-oriented structurally-mediated model

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۷۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۸
The purpose of the present study was first to offer a tentative solution to the problems observed in writing pedagogy in Iran by devising a more comprehensive approach to genre-based writing instruction. In the second phase, a quasi-experimental research design was adopted to determine how effective the model was in writing instruction, compared with the traditional, product-oriented approach, as well as Swales’ genre-based approach. The participants were selected randomly and then divided into three groups: A control group (CG) (N=8) that received product-oriented instruction, Swales’ model (SM) group (N=8), and the system-nested, genre-oriented, structurally mediated model (SGSM) group (N=7). The results obtained through One-way ANOVA revealed that the SM group outperformed the CG group on the posttest of writing. Moreover, the SGSM group outperformed the other two groups on the posttest of writing. The pedagogical and theoretical findings of the study were then discussed.
۳۴.

Fostering EFL Teacher Enthusiasm through Vision Enhancement and its Relationship with Students’ Attitude and Effort(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۶, Issue ۲۱, Spring ۲۰۱۸ 57 - 73

کلیدواژه‌ها: Teacher enthusiasm Vision teacher behavior student perception attitude to language learning

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۷
Teacher enthusiasm and its impact on students’ learning and emotions have remained unnoticed in the realm of second language learning and teaching. This study aimed at exploring the possibility of boosting language teacher enthusiasm and its potential relationship with language learners’ effort and attitude for language learning. In order to foster teacher enthusiasm, the highly novel concept of vision was utilized and a vision enhancement program was conducted to improve language teacher enthusiasm. Four EFL teachers and their 46 students participated in the research project. Two of the teachers were assigned to the six-week visionary intervention and the other two received no treatment. A Likert-scale questionnaire measuring perceived teacher enthusiasm, intended effort, and attitude to language learning was administered to all the students before and after the treatment. Results of ANCOVA revealed that those students whose teachers were subjected to vision enhancement were significantly different from the students whose teachers did not receive the treatment. Moreover, linear regression analyses demonstrated that students’ perception of teacher enthusiasm can positively predict their effort and attitude. The efficiency of visionary training for improving teacher enthusiasm gained empirical support. Besides, the findings underscore the link between teacher enthusiasm and students’ effort and attitude.
۳۵.

High School EFL Teachers’ Professional Competencies: Content Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۶ , N. ۴ , ۲۰۱۷ 499 - 522

کلیدواژه‌ها: Content Knowledge (CK) Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) Teacher Education Curriculum Development Document (TECDD)

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۵۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۲۶
According to Teacher Education Curriculum Development Document (TECDD) of Farhangiyan University, teacher professional competencies include Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) and General Knowledge (GK). Of these competencies, CK and PCK are specific to teachers of each major while PK and GK are common among all majors. This study was an attempt to explore the components that constitute high school EFL teachers’ CK and PCK through review of the related literature and investigation of high school EFL teachers (N=40) and teacher educators’ (N=20) perspectives. Based on the content analysis of these two sources which resulted in strong agreement, 20 items of CK and 17 items of PCK were identified. To validate the items and explore their underlying factors, data were collected from 445 high school EFL teachers and teacher educators using a questionnaire. Factor analysis with Varimax rotation was carried out on CK and PCK items separately. Regarding CK items, factor analysis gave way to the emergence of three factors, namely knowledge of the principles of language teaching methodology, knowledge of linguistics, and language proficiency. Regarding PCK items, factor analysis also gave way to three factors, namely knowledge of teaching and assessing the components of the curriculum, knowledge of developing, planning and managing language teaching, and knowledge of developing and evaluating instructional materials. The results of this study can be used in the design of high school EFL teacher education program.
۳۶.

Iranian EFL Learners' Perception of the Efficacy of Activity Theory-based Reading Comprehension(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۹, No. ۲, ۲۰۱۷

کلیدواژه‌ها: Activity theory Reading Comprehension Perception Affordances

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۵۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۱۴
Any language classroom is a distinctive learning context offering numerous affordances that might be perceived effectively, remain unnoticed, or even act as constraints. Therefore, exploring students' perception toward a particular method of instruction is crucial since it may produce a reliable piece of evidence for teachers to confirm or refute the effectiveness of the intended instructional activities. This study was an attempt to survey Iranian EFL learners' perception of the efficacy of activity theory-based reading comprehension. To this end, 60 students studying English translation at Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch participated in the study and received the reading instruction based on the elements of activity theory, i.e., subjects, object, mediating artifacts, rules, community, and division of labor. After receiving the treatment, the students filled in two perception questionnaires and took part in a semi-structured focus group interview. The findings indicated that the students showed favorable perception toward activity theory, for which they perceived different affordances. Moreover, the results demonstrated that there was a significant difference between the students’ perception regarding the mediating elements of activity theory.  The study provides EFL teachers with new insights into the considerable benefits that activity theory might bring to reading classes.
۳۷.

جایگاه تفکر نقادانه در نظام آموزشی ایران(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش های زبانشناختی در زبانهای خارجی دوره ۷ پاییز و زمستان ۱۳۹۶ شماره ۲ 299 - 324

کلیدواژه‌ها: تفکر نقادانه تفکر در سطوح عالیتر نظام آموزشی ایران آموزش و پرورش مهارت های فکری فضیلت های فکری

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۸
در نظام های آموزشی سراسر دنیا، انگاره آموزش تفکر در سطوح عالیتر از یک سو و استفاده از مطالب درسی به عنوان ابزاری برای تفکر از سوی دیگر سبب شده تا تفکر نقادانه به عنوان یک مفهوم بنیادین و یک آرمان آموزشی مطرح شود. انجام پژوهش به منظور فهم اینکه تفکر نقادانه به عنوان آرمانی آموزشی تا چه میزان واقعیت آموزشی پیدا کرده از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است. این پژوهش بر آنست تا جایگاه تفکر نقادانه در نظام آموزشی ایران را مطالعه و بررسی کند. در این راستا با بهره گیری از پرسشنامه های موجود و بومی سازی آنها از 300 شرکت کننده بزرگسال دارای مدرک دیپلم تا دکتری تخصصی مصاحبه به عمل آمد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بیشتر شرکت کنندگان آشنایی کافی با تفکر نقادانه و نقش آن در آموزش ندارند و آموزش به شیوه سنتی که متمرکز بر حفظ مطالب درسی باشد را تجربه کرده اند. تفاوت معنا داری بین رشته های مختلف یا رده های تحصیلی مختلف مشاهده نشد.
۳۸.

The Impact of Skill Integration on Task Involvement Load(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۰, No.۲۱, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۷ 29 - 48

کلیدواژه‌ها: involvement load information gap task jigsaw task Vocabulary Learning

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۸۴ تعداد دانلود : ۶۶۶
The present study investigated whether word learning and retention in a second language are contingent upon a task's involvement load, i.e., the amount of need, search, and evaluation the task imposes. Laufer and Hulstijn (2001) contend that tasks with higher degrees of these three components induce higher involvement load, and are, therefore, more effective for word learning. To test this claim, 64 Iranian intermediate EFL learners were selected based on their performance on the Preliminary English Test (PET). The participants were randomly assigned to two equal groups. Each group completed different vocabulary learning tasks that varied in the amount of involvement they induced. The tasks were jigsaw task (Group A) and information gap task (Group B). During the ten treatment sessions, recall and retention of the 100 unfamiliar target words were tested through immediate and delayed posttest. Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. The results indicated that learners benefited more from jigsaw task with higher involvement load. This study supported the Involvement Load Hypothesis, suggesting that higher involvement induced by the task resulted in more effective recall; however, no significant difference was observed between the two tasks in the retention of the unknown words.
۳۹.

On Situating the Stance of Estrogen in the Acquisition and Recall of L2 Lexical Items: A Biological Look(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۶, Issue ۲, Summer ۲۰۱۷

کلیدواژه‌ها: acquisition Estrogen Recall Vocabulary

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۶۱۴
The present study examined whether the advantage of females on L2 vocabulary recall and acquisition is partly as a result of estrogen secretion or not. In this regard, through volunteer and convenience sampling 15 intermediate EFL female participants aged between 23-31 were selected from the subject pool of 55 participants. The participants were studying at Iranian Language Center located in Bandar-e Anzali, Iran. To ensure the homogeneity among the participants, Babel English Placement test was used. In the course of study, the participants were taught two series of 42 lexical items in each phase of menstrual cycles (i.e., follicular and luteal). The treatment period was held six sessions at each phase. Each session took 30 minutes. To compare the performance of the participants, immediately after the sixth session, a piloted teacher-made vocabulary recall test was administered at each phase. Finally, the mean scores of participants' performance in the two phases were contrasted through a paired samples t test. The results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the participants' recall scores in the follicular and luteal phases. Moreover, to investigate the impact of estrogen secretion on participants' L2 vocabulary acquisition, two months after the treatment, the participants took a piloted teacher-made vocabulary acquisition test at each phase of menstrual cycle. The results of paired samples t test indicated a significant difference between the participants' vocabulary acquisition scores in the two phases.
۴۰.

Iranian EFL Learners’ Perception of the Efficacy and Affordance of Activity Theory-based Computer Assisted Language Learning in Writing Achievement(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۶, Issue ۴, winter ۲۰۱۸ 33 - 66

کلیدواژه‌ها: Activity theory affordance CALL writing achievement

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۸۹ تعداد دانلود : ۵۵۶
Second language writing instruction has been greatly influenced by the growing importance of technology and the recent shift of paradigm from a cognitive to a social orientation in second language acquisition (Lantolf & Thorne, 2006). Therefore, the applications of computer-assisted language learning and activity theory have been suggested as a promising framework for writing studies. The present study aimed to investigate the perception of Iranian EFL learners of the efficacy and affordance of activity theory integrated with computer-assisted language learning in writing improvement. To this end, sixty-seven sophomores majoring in English translation were selected as the participants of this study. The writing instruction was geared to an e-learning platform based on the six elements of activity theory--subject, object, mediating artifacts, rules, community, and division of labor--appropriate for the writing course. The students were assigned to write nine expository paragraphs on six different developmental patterns and share various relevant materials on the platform during the treatment. Their assignments were carefully monitored and evaluated by the instructor. Upon the completion of the treatment, the students completed a closed-ended questionnaire and an open-ended questionnaire and took part in a semi-structured focus group interview to express their perception. The results showed that the students held favorable perception toward the use of computer-assisted language learning within the activity theory framework. The findings of the study also revealed that there was a significant difference among the students' perception concerning the four mediating elements of activity theory.

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