محمدرضا فتحی

This study aimed to provide a mathematical model for tour guides' simultaneous allocation and scheduling. Human resource downsizing was one of the main objectives of the problem studied. At the same time, another objective was to match the capabilities of tour guides with their locations. Each of them visits many different tourist sites according to their interests and expertise. The tours and allocations of tour guides and tourists to these tours were scheduled in an integrated manner using a linear programming approach. By reviewing the available documents and data, conducting field observations, and holding interviews with key stakeholders, a clear gap in the field of Assignment and Scheduling was identified. Then various constraints and goals were thoroughly analyzed and modeled as a multi-objective problem to ensure practicality. Finally, a detailed case study was also conducted, which indicated that the derived allocation rule led to significant improvements according to various goals compared to the current allocation system.

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the impact of change management on organizational innovation and performance, examining the mediating role of employees' innovative behavior in the context of the digital age. Method : This research was applied in purpose and utilized a survey method for data collection. The statistical population consisted of managers and employees of Science and Technology Parks (STPs) across the country. The sample size (n=210) was determined using the standard technique for structural equation modeling (SEM), which recommends 10 to 15 observations per questionnaire item. After confirming the validity and reliability of the measurement tool, the data were analyzed using SmartPLS software. Findings : The findings demonstrated that change management exerts a significant positive effect on organizational performance, organizational innovation, and employees' innovative behavior. Furthermore, employees' innovative behavior was found to significantly enhance both organizational innovation and performance, while organizational innovation itself had a positive impact on performance. Mediation analysis confirmed that the relationships between change management and organizational performance are partially mediated through two pathways: directly through employees' innovative behavior and indirectly via the sequential influence on organizational innovation. Conclusion : The study concludes that in the digital age, implementing effective change management practices is crucial. Such practices foster innovative behaviors among employees, which subsequently promote organizational innovation and, ultimately, lead to improved overall organizational performance.

Supply chain network design entails strategic decisions that critically shape the operational framework of a supply chain. The purpose of this study is to develop and optimize a green dental tourism supply chain network using metaheuristic algorithms. This applied research combines field surveys and library-based methods for data collection. Empirical data were obtained from dental clinics and three- and four-star hotels in Qom Province, forming the basis for model implementation. The proposed network integrates environmental considerations and seeks to minimize total supply chain cost. A multi-objective optimization model is formulated and solved using two algorithms: NRGA (Non‑dominated Ranked Genetic Algorithm) and NSGA‑II (Non‑dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II). The comparative analysis demonstrates that NSGA‑II achieves more efficient solutions and superior ranking of Pareto‑optimal fronts across the model’s multiple objectives. This study advances the design and optimization of sustainable dental tourism supply chains, providing practical insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to promote environmentally responsible and economically viable tourism services.

This study aims to identify and rank the key barriers hindering the adoption of Blockchain technology in the tourism industry, given its transformative potential and strategic relevance. The research utilized a mixed-method approach. First, barriers were identified through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews. A sample of 22 experts in Blockchain and tourism was selected, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique was employed to prioritize the barriers, and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to analyze the causal relationships among them. The study identified 11 critical barriers to Blockchain adoption in tourism. Among these, "lack of knowledge, expertise, and human capital", "lack of standardization", "absence of government regulations", and "inadequate employee training and customer awareness" emerged as the most significant. Furthermore, "resistance to change and non-acceptance by companies" was found to have the highest level of interaction with other barriers, indicating its central role in the adoption process. This research contributes to the limited body of knowledge on Blockchain implementation in tourism by offering a systematic prioritization and relational mapping of adoption barriers. The findings provide strategic insights for policymakers, tourism stakeholders, and technology developers aiming to facilitate Blockchain integration in this sector.