کارکرد نهادهای سیاسی – مدنی و نقش آن در توسعه سیاسی کشور (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نوسازی و توسعه سیاسی ناظر بر اهدافی است که تحقق آن می تواند به کاهش شکاف میان نهادهای سیاسی با سایر نهادها در اقتصاد و جامعه منجر شود و از این طریق راه ترقی، پیشرفت و رفاه همگانی هموار خواهد شد. توسعه سیاسی بر کارآمدی نظام سیاسی دلالت دارد. نظام سیاسی که ظرفیت و توانایی حل وفصل اختلافات و تضادهای فردی و اجتماعی، پذیرش مشارکت های سیاسی شهروندان، آزادی و تغییرات بنیادین در یک جامعه را داشته، به توسعه سیاسی رسیده است. از طرفی می توان توسعه سیاسی را با رشد و شکوفایی دموکراسی مترادف دانست. هدف تحقیق بررسی تأثیر نهادهای سیاسی-مدنی بر توسعه سیاسی کشور، یعنی بررسی نسبت میان نهادهای سیاسی – مدنی و توسعه سیاسی با توجه به نظرات کارشناسان و متخصصانی هست که در راستای این تحقیق مورد پرسش قرارگرفته اند. روش تحقیق حاضر توصیفی-تحلیلی است و روش جمع آوری داده ها اسنادی و پیمایشی از طریق پرسش نامه نخبگی است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش صاحب نظران و اهل فن شامل کارمندان عالی رتبه، اساتید دانشگاه، دبیران و اعضای حزب های سیاسی و سمن ها هستند. سؤال اصلی این پژوهش آن است که نهادهای سیاسی – مدنی چه نقشی در توسعه سیاسی کشور دارند؟ این فرضیه مطرح است که برای دستیابی به توسعه سیاسی باید نهادهای سیاسی – مدنی به وجود بیایند یا تقویت شوند. یافته های این پژوهش نشان می دهد که ازنظر متخصصان و کارشناسان رشد و گسترش رسانه های عمومی و شبکه وسیع ارتباطات و تکثر و رقابت احزاب و نهادهای سیاسی مدنی بر توسعه سیاسی کشور بیشتر از سایر عوامل تأثیر دارند.The function of political-civil institutions and its role in the political development of the country
Political modernization and development are aimed at achieving goals that can reduce the gap between political institutions and other institutions in the economy and society, and thus pave the way for progress, development and public welfare. The issue of political development is one of the topics that has deeply attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades and has been at the center of intellectual interests of social and political science thinkers. This issue is especially important for the intellectual elites of developing countries, because in such countries, the process of development and underdevelopment is the main challenge of society. It also had political, economic, and social dimensions and was referred to as "progress," but theories of development were largely proposed after World War II. Political development is a phenomenon that can not be denied its impact on the socio-political life of the world today, especially in developing societies. Various factors play a role in the process of political development, among which political institutions play an important role. Political development requires the existence of institutions that contribute to political development Political development implies the efficiency of the political system. The political system, which has the capacity and ability to resolve individual and social differences and contradictions, accept the political participation of citizens, freedom and fundamental change in a society, has reached political development. On the other hand, political development can be considered synonymous with the growth and flourishing of democracy. What is considered in this article is the function of political-civil institutions and its role in the political development of the country. It means examining the relationship between political-civic institutions and political development according to the opinions of experts and specialists who have been questioned in line with this research. Studies of experts and scholars include high-ranking employees, university professors, teachers and members of political parties and organizations. The main question of this research is what role do political-civil institutions play in the political development of the country? It is hypothesized that in order to achieve political development, political-civic institutions should be established or strengthened. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of political-civic institutions on the political development of the country. And the expansion of public media and a wide network of communications and the multiplicity and competition of political political parties and institutions have a greater impact on the political development of the country than other factors. Political modernization and development are aimed at achieving goals that can reduce the gap between political institutions and other institutions in the economy and society, and thus pave the way for progress, development and public welfare. The issue of political development is one of the topics that has deeply attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades and has been at the center of intellectual interests of social and political science thinkers. This issue is especially important for the intellectual elites of developing countries, because in such countries, the process of development and underdevelopment is the main challenge of society. It also had political, economic, and social dimensions and was referred to as "progress," but theories of development were largely proposed after World War II. Political development is a phenomenon that can not be denied its impact on the socio-political life of the world today, especially in developing societies. Various factors play a role in the process of political development, among which political institutions play an important role. Political development requires the existence of institutions that contribute to political development. These institutions, known as civil-political institutions, include political parties, associations, and non-governmental organizations, political participation, and the press. Political development implies the efficiency of the political system. The political system, which has the capacity and ability to resolve individual and social differences and contradictions, accept the political participation of citizens, freedom and fundamental change in a society, has reached political development. On the other hand, political development can be considered synonymous with the growth and flourishing of democracy. What is considered in this article is the function of political-civil institutions and its role in the political development of the country. It means examining the relationship between political-civic institutions and political development according to the opinions of experts and specialists who have been questioned in line with this research. Studies of experts and scholars include high-ranking employees, university professors, teachers and members of political parties and organizations. The main question of this research is what role do political-civil institutions play in the political development of the country? It is hypothesized that in order to achieve political development, political-civic institutions should be established or strengthened. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of political-civic institutions on the political development of the country. And the expansion of public media and a wide network of communications and the multiplicity and competition of political political parties and institutions have a greater impact on the political development of the country than other factors. Political modernization and development are aimed at achieving goals that can reduce the gap between political institutions and other institutions in the economy and society, and thus pave the way for progress, development and public welfare. The issue of political development is one of the topics that has deeply attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades and has been at the center of intellectual interests of social and political science thinkers. This issue is especially important for the intellectual elites of developing countries, because in such countries, the process of development and underdevelopment is the main challenge of society. It also had political, economic, and social dimensions and was referred to as "progress," but theories of development were largely proposed after World War II. s.
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