psychological hardiness

Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to represent a conceptual model about the attitude towards the drug abuse based on assertiveness, psychological hardiness and emotional regulation in addicts. Methodology: The used method in this research was on the study and library base. In this research was paid attention to literature and the background about the research varieties and then a conceptual model was represented. Results: The addiction prevalent have well known that by making positive attitude towards drug and the spread of wrong belief in society they can achieve a good and beneficial market. So one of the general reason of addiction problem is the danger of manner in drug abuse and positive attitude to it and its effect. Accordingly the investigation of the attitude role on drug is an essential point in predicting and remedy of the addiction. In this research the effective factor in positive or negative attitude towards drug and addiction such as assertiveness, psychological hardiness and emotional regulation were discussed. The results show that the attitude has a direct and indirect influence on addictive behavior. Conclusion: Therefore, according to the assertiveness, psychological hardiness and emotional regulation, it can be possible to predict the attitude towards drug in addicts. So considering the research findings in predicting the drug abuse, it can be helpful to teach the individual.

Purpose: The Purpose of the present study was Examining the effectiveness of problem solving skills training on psychological Hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies of high school students in Tehran. Methodology: Method of research was an applied one in terms of purpose and a quasi-experimental in terms of data collection with pretest-posttest, control group, random assignment of subjects. Statistical population included all female students studying in Tehran in 1396-97. Forty students were assigned through convenience sampling. That is 40 students were split into two groups, assigning 20 to each, one group as control and the other as experiment group. The experiment was trained problem solving (8 sessions, lasting 90 minutes each); the control group received no treatment(training). To collect data, the Psychological Hardiness Scale (Kobasa,1979) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (Garnefski et al, 2001) were used. Data analysis based on the data obtained from the questionnaires through SPSS-v22 was done at 0.05 significance level in two parts, descriptive and inferential (Covariance analysis). Findings: The Results showed that problem solving skills training affected on adolescent’s psychological hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (p<0.001). Conclusion: Therefore, Problem solving skills training can be used as an effective intervention to improve psychological hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in high school students.

Purpose: The aim of present research was determine the modeling of self-regulation based on cognitive flexibility with mediated role of psychological hardiness in students. Methodology: The present study was descriptive, correlational type. The research population was all secondary high school students of Tehran city in academic years of 2019-20, which from them 499 students were selected by step cluster sampling method. Data were collected by self-regulation questionnaire (Bouffard & et al, 1995), cognitive flexibility inventory (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010) and psychological hardiness scale (Lang & Goulet, 2003) and analyzed by structural equation modeling method in SPSS-22 and Amos-21 software. Findings: The findings showed that the model of self-regulation based on cognitive flexibility with mediated role of psychological hardiness in students had a good fit. Also, cognitive flexibility on psychological hardiness and psychological hardiness on self-regulation had significant direct effect (P<0.001), while cognitive flexibility on self-regulation had not significant direct effect (P>0.05). In Addition, cognitive flexibility with mediated of psychological hardiness on self-regulation had significant indirect effect (P=0.009). Conclusion: Regarded to the results, school counselors and psychologists can via increasing cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness directly and indirectly led to improve self-regulation of students.

The aim of this study investigation to  the mediating function of rumination in the relationship between social support, psychological hardiness, and intolerance of indecision with corona anxiety. The present study was a descriptive correlation with equation structural analysis. The sample of that choose in Ardabil city, in which 300 people participated in the research online and through virtual networks. Questionnaires of rumination, uncertainty intolerance, corona anxiety, social support and psychological hardiness were used to gather data.. Analysis were performed using equation structural modeling and SPSS. The results indicate that direction routes of social support, psychological hardiness, and intolerance to corona anxiety were significant (p

The purpose of the present study was to predict self-efficacy of women with breast cancer based on quality of life, religious orientation, resilience, death anxiety, psychological hardiness and perceived social support. The research method was descriptive and regression type. The statistical population in this study included all patients with breast cancer referring to Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini and Milad hospitals in Tehran in 2018. Purposeful sampling method was used to select the sample. In this way, 300 patients with breast cancer patients were selected based on the criteria for entering and leaving the research. The research tool was a general self-efficacy questionnaire of Sherer et al. (1982), multi-dimensional perceived social support questionnaire (Zimt et al., 1989), Allport Religious Orientation (1967), Kobasa Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire (1979), Templar's Death Anxiety Scale (1970) ), The Conor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (2003) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (1996). Regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that factors of quality of life, religious orientation, resilience, death anxiety, psychological hardiness and perceived social support have 21% ability to predict self-efficacy. The factors of quality of life, resilience, psychological hardiness and social support with self-efficacy are positive at 5% confidence level, and the positivity of these coefficients actually indicates that increasing these factors increases self-efficacy (p <0.05). Death anxiety also has a significant negative correlation with self-efficacy (p <0.05).