مطالب

Abstract Background : Social responsibility is one of the important components in professional ethics and as to the role of banks in economic system; social responsibility of banks includes strategic results for companies. Therefore, in the current research, effective factors and causes on social responsibility in business banks of Iran are studied. Methodology. The current research was qualitative. The statistical society was two parts. The first part included marketing and financial experts of banks, professionals, managers and supervisors of districts and experts of governmental and nongovernmental business banks and the second part included bank stakeholders which among them, 18 persons were chosen as sample by snowball method and reaching to saturation. Data collection tool is deep interview. Finally, data were analyzed by method of content analysis and coding and using 2020 Max QDA software. Findings : Based on the obtained results in relation with effective factors on social responsibility of banks by method of content analysis, 3 categories, 12 concepts and 45 secondary codes were identified. Conclusion : As to the research findings, it is recommended to constitute special work groups to expand and develop social responsibility to investigate and impart favorable approaches. Abstract Background : Social responsibility is one of the important components in professional ethics and as to the role of banks in economic system; social responsibility of banks includes strategic results for companies. Therefore, in the current research, effective factors and causes on social responsibility in business banks of Iran are studied. Methodology. The current research was qualitative. The statistical society was two parts. The first part included marketing and financial experts of banks, professionals, managers and supervisors of districts and experts of governmental and nongovernmental business banks and the second part included bank stakeholders which among them, 18 persons were chosen as sample by snowball method and reaching to saturation. Data collection tool is deep interview. Finally, data were analyzed by method of content analysis and coding and using 2020 Max QDA software. Findings : Based on the obtained results in relation with effective factors on social responsibility of banks by method of content analysis, 3 categories, 12 concepts and 45 secondary codes were identified. Conclusion : As to the research findings, it is recommended to constitute special work groups to expand and develop social responsibility to investigate and impart favorable approaches. Article number: 2

Background: Today, due to the importance that organizations attach to physical and mental health and cleanliness of the consumer environment, concepts such as ethical marketing, green marketing, environmental and social marketing to implement corporate social responsibility entered the marketing literature that all point to some kind of positive marketing. Positive marketing is a type of marketing that works for the benefit of consumer groups, companies and the community and works to create value. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ethical and social value creation of positive marketing for the company, customer and community. Method: The present study was applied and descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was the customers of entrepreneur insurance services who were selected as in access sample (N=384). The gathering tool was a five-choice Likert scale questionnaire and structural equation modeling methods were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the role and effect of "positive marketing" on "company value", "customer value" and "social value" were statistically confirmed that Based on these results, positive marketing has the greatest effect on social value. Conclusion: Positive marketing emphasizes ethical and social value creation and responsibility for both the company and the community and the customer. Ignoring social responsibility and unethical marketing may succeed in the short term, but it is certainly not a good long-term strategy. Over time, customers will become distrustful of the brand as a whole, and it will be difficult to find brand supporters who want to spread awareness about the company's product or service through word of mouth marketing. Article number: 9

The topic of bartering in psychotherapy is intriguing, especially in this day and age. The current ongoing events could invoke economic turmoil or a new monetary system that could call for an improvisation towards the medium of exchange in counseling and psychotherapy. The bartering system seems to be an ideal alternative, especially during times of economic uncertainty. This paper will further discuss the history of money and its progress, how the psychology field is addressing the barter system and professional recommendations for the bartering system in counseling and psychotherapy. Article number: 1

Many scholars have long contributed to making the instruction of oral production more effectively. This study compared three task types (information-gap, reasoning-gap, and opinion-gap tasks) and two cognitive styles (field-independence and field-dependence) regarding their effects on English as a foreign language (EFL( learners’ oral production linguistic complexity. The current study was quantitative in research methodology and followed the comparison group design. Initially, 230 Iranian learners were selected using convenience sampling. After the participants sat the proficiency test, the number of participants was reduced to 180 BA students at the university of Mohaghegh Ardabili and Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch. They were randomly divided into six experimental groups. Two groups were randomly assigned to field-independent (FI) and field-dependent (FD) information-gap tasks, the next two groups to FI and FD reasoning-gap tasks, and the other two groups to FI and FD opinion-gap task types. Each group consisted of 30 advanced EFL learners and was taught oral production using one of the above-mentioned task types. Michigan test of English Language Proficiency test (Phakiti, 2003) and group embedded figures test (Witkin et al., 1971) were used to determine proficiency level and measure cognitive styles. A two-way ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) procedure was run to examine the data. The results revealed significant differences among task types and cognitive styles, with FD learners and opinion-gap task being the most effective on EFL Learners' oral production linguistic complexity. The interaction between cognitive styles and task types is more likely to account for language learners’ oral performance.