مطالب

INTRODUCTION: Women's empowerment has been introduced as a mechanism to improve the quality of women's work and personal life, one of the basic principles of protecting human rights and eradicating poverty. This study aimed to investigate the effect of social capital, social support, and Internet use on the empowerment of working women with a mediating role in socioeconomic status. METHODS: In this descriptive survey study, 4,000 women were studied working in the RCS of Tehran province, Iran. About 384 samples were selected due to Cochran's formula by a simple random method. The required data were collected using some questionnaires, namely the Social Capital (Hoff and Heisman, 2009), subjective assessment of the socioeconomic status (Nabavi et al., 2007), Social Support (Sherburne and Stewart, 1991), the researcher-made questionnaire of Internet Use and Women’s Empowerment. FINDINGS: The results showed that social capital, social support, and the use of the Internet had a direct impact on the empowerment of women, and socioeconomic status played a mediating role in the relationship between social capital and empowerment. It was also found that socioeconomic status played a mediating role in the relationship between social support and the empowerment of working women. CONCLUSION: According to the results, attention to the components of social capital, social support, and the use of the Internet and cyberspace provided the basis for the empowerment of working women, while in this process the key role of women's socioeconomic status should not be overlooked. However, managers' attention to strengthening organizational trust and women's participation in decision-making, providing conditions for good communication, training, and promoting women's media literacy, would increase the socioeconomic status proportionately and improve women's empowerment.

INTRODUCTION: Improving the social capital of the Red Crescent Society can play an effective role in crisis management also control and increase productivity in responding to incidents. This research aimed to explain the role of mass and social media in the development of the social capital of the Iranian Red Crescent Society. METHODS: This practical research was conducted using a mixture of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included 21 executive managers and pundits, who were selected using a purposeful and snowball sampling method. In the quantitative part, a total of 2,815 volunteer members of the Red Crescent Society formed the population, who were chosen by stratified random sampling method. The statistical data of the qualitative part were collected by holding semi-structured interviews, while those of the quantitative part were gathered using a questionnaire having content validity as well as the study of organizational documents. Data analysis in the qualitative part was performed through the thematic analysis method and in the quantitative part through the frequency and comparison of statistical data. FINDINGS: The findings showed that the effective role of the media should not be neglected. It was revealed that mass and social media played a role in the development of the social capital of the Red Crescent Society through three important components, namely news and information, mass education, and accreditation. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the current research, the Red Crescent Society can boost the productivity and effectiveness of humanitarian and public benefits programs and activities by understanding the very effective role of communication media and improving the level of cooperation and altruism culture in society with the help of mass media members, activists, and celebrities of social networks.

Introduction: The existence of intelligent decision-making in educational managers increases their recognition skills and they find the ability to identify the decision process, check possibilities, make correct judgments, and plan carefully. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of studying the mediating role of intellectual ethics in the relationship between digital leadership and smart decision-making among elementary school principals in Kermanshah province. Material and Methods: The research is a correlational research based on structural equation modeling of the correlation-covariance matrix. The statistical population includes all the elementary principals of Kermanshah province in the academic year 2021-2022 (N=1902). The sample size was estimated based on proportional stratified random sampling and Cochran's formula (n=320). The tools included intelligent leadership, intellectual ethics and smart decision-making questionnaires, whose content validity was confirmed by experts and professors, and their construct validity was confirmed by factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated through Cronbach's alpha as 0.85, 0.93 and 0.95 respectively. Pearson's correlation test and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis, and SPSS and LISREL software were used. Results: The relationship between digital leadership and intellectual ethics, digital leadership and intelligent decision-making, and the relationship between intellectual ethics and smart decision-making were significant. Finally, it was found that intellectual ethics can play a mediating role in the relationship between digital leadership and smart decision making. Conclusion: The results of this study show that educational managers can make smart decisions through the digital leadership style and, of course, considering intellectual ethics, and in this way, take steps in the direction of advancing educational goals and missions