مطالب

In the present study, the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy on post-Saddam Iraq is investigated. With the U.S and its allies attacking Iraq in 2003, Iraqi Baath regime was overthrown and a new Iraq with new policy emerged. With a change in the structure of power and sovereignty of Iraq, the ground for the presentation and penetration of regional actors including Iran was provided in this country and the question is raised “what policy the Islamic Republic of Iran has followed on post-Saddam Iraq and what goal it pursues”. Drawing on analytical-descriptive synthetic method, the findings of the present study indicate that Islamic Republic of Iran’s policy on post-Saddam is based on collaboration and coalition, in that I.R. Iran has laid an emphasis on consolidation and establishment of the Shia in the political structure of Iraq and the reinforcement of the country’s central government, in an effort to bolster its penetration domain and reduce threats caused by Iraq’s developments to its homeland security. <br />  <br /> 

Investigation of the spatial patterns of voting as a function of electoral geography shows the dispersion of different ideas in voters’ political action in an electoral district. This pattern because of human decision-making has been created over time and is capable of converting to geographical map. This article investigates such pattern in tenth parliamentary election in northern electoral district of Ilam province. Therefore, in terms of purpose, the research is applied and is a descriptive- analytic in terms of nature and method. Data gathering procedure is based on library and field (questionnaire) findings methods. Data analysis method is based on qualitative and quantitative methods like Giss, T-test, and one-way ANOVA. The research findings show that sociological, reformed rational choice, geographical, and Chicago school models affect geography of voting in this electoral district. <br />  <br /> 

Since the Persian Gulf region is rich in energy resources, it has always been a witness to the presence of out-regional powers. In order to politically and economically dominate the region in different eras, the great powers formulated short-term and long-term plans. Among all, in order to maintain its economic supremacy in the world and maintain the regional order, the United States of America paid special attention to the Persian Gulf. Therefore, it found the cooperation with the Arabic countries in line with its policies a step towards energy security of this region so that it could transport oil and gas resources to its country with spending a little amount of money. In the meantime, other major powers such as the European Union, Russia, and China need energy resources of the Persian Gulf for launching their industry. Obviously, this can increase the confrontation of great powers with each other in the Persian Gulf region. This study sought to investigate the reasons for the presence of powers in the Persian Gulf region. Therefore, research methodology in this study was analytical-descriptive, and data were collected through library research and fieldwork in order to analyze the consequences of the presence of out-regional powers in the Persian Gulf. Hence, with the prevalence of regional conflicts and strife in South West Asia, we witnessed the change of the geo-economic structure of gas and oil; the reason for the presence of world powers in this area is to first supply the needed energy of their country in order to run industry and to secondly limit their competitors’ energy supply. <br />  <br />