مطالب

Contemporary Hegel scholarship either defends a theological metaphysics in which history is a teleological unfolding of cosmic Geist; or, the evolution of Geist represents the absolutization of human subjectivity, which undergoes a Bildung that prescinds from any reliance on metaphysical givens. The dilemma is between presenting Hegel as an absolute monist that is outmoded in light of modernity’s skepticism towards a teleology of history; or, of reducing Hegel to the terms of modernity, as defending the absolute self-grounding of the human subject, in history without ontology. I argue that co-opting Hegel for modernity is a mistake. The post-Kantian interpretation of Hegel, that rejects any metaphysics of the absolute, leaves the human subject in a state of alienation that the dialectic process in Hegel is supposed to resolve. I argue that PKI’s account of the self-grounding subject is too similar to absolute freedom that Hegel views as a dangerous fruit of the Enlightenment. Absolute freedom, having relegated God to deistic irrelevance, and stripped nature of any telos, seeks to make its own categories sovereign over those of reality.

The main question of the article is what approach to political participation is the existing or desired approach in Qur'anic thought. The research hypothesis, using the Jane Hampton model in theories of the state as a theoretical framework, is that in religious state, political participation and competition within the political regime are not against or solely for it, and among the delegative and agential approaches; the desired approach of the Qur’an is closer to what can be called "conditional maximum" or de-agential approach, which is conditional in the emergence and survival of religious state; a participation that is original as a causal element but is conditional and bound to some prior conditions and circumstances. The research approach in the two categories of verses of Shūrā and Bayʿah clearly has some differences with some other interpretative perspectives, and in the stage of choosing a leader, despite accepting the divine text and appointment, it also considers the political participation of the people to be relevant. In the research, in addition to the verses of Shūrā  and Bayʿah, other verses such as the verses of keeping the contract, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong, public speeches of the Qur’an, caliphate and trust, etc. have been compared with political and agency participation. Accordingly, the validity of the political contract between the ruler and the people, the requirement of the Shūrā  institution in the public arena, active political participation as enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong and interfering in determining destiny, the right to choose and general selection of the people, the caliphate as a kind of doubt from God in line with the right to participate, and also the right to leave the government to the worthy as a trust are among the findings of the research as components and pillars of the "Conditional Maximum" (delegative- Agential) political participation approach.

The cultural and educational growth and advancement of individuals in society depends on the existence of worthy and virtuous mentors. Therefore, outlining the characteristics of a worthy mentor is of significant importance and impact. The present study, using a grounded theory approach, aims to extract and qualitatively analyze a complete set of religious texts, including verses from the Quran and hadiths of the impeccable Imams (AS), regarding the characteristics of a worthy teacher. The results indicated that the main concern of religious texts in introducing a worthy mentor can be categorized into two overarching areas: Competencies and capabilities. In the area of competencies, five categories, ethical, belief-based, emotional, cognitive, and self-related, were identified in order of frequency and priority. In the area of capabilities, four categories, behavioral-operational, developmental-educational, scientific-educational, and teaching, were identified in order of frequency and priority. The details of each category and a paradigmatic model of a worthy mentor based on religious teachings are presented in this research

Background: IoT Smart networks are the latest creation of smart technology where Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain technologies have merged. Such technologies have the possibility of increasing performance, security and the degree of expansion in different fields like smart city, health and manufacturing. As it is, there are several issues that organisations continued to encounter when implementing both these systems in order to address diversified network requirements. Objective: The study aims to define how IoT, AI, and Blockchain technologies can be integrated to develop smart networks and how their integration will address the issues of performance, data integrity, and resource utilization in smart networks. Methods: The solution consisted of three components: IoT for instant data gathering, AI for modeling and efficient traffic control, Blockchain for secure data storage. Analyses of various objectives such as data throughput, latency, energy consumption, and security were conducted for smart city applications through simulations. Results: The linked matrix obtained a 45% increase in data transfer rate, a 40% cut in response time and a 50% enhancement of power utilization compared to other systems. Purchases made using blockchain were correct to the last digit, achieved with a success rate of 99.9%, and there were no cases of hacking. AI algorithms minimized congestion levels of the network by 55%, and IoT devices remained available 98% of the time. Conclusion: The incorporation of the IoT, AI and Blockchain enhances the effectiveness and assures the stability of smart networks greatly. From these findings, there is a significant potential for broad utility thus the need for research on the scale, integration, and testing of these in practice.

Background: Network slicing has turned out to be one of the key enablers in the 5G networks due to the ability to support the diverse applications such as ultra reliable and low latency communications for the self-driving cars or IoT-like massive machine type communications. Prior expeditions lacked integrated tools for the dynamic assignment and allocation of resources and no possibility for maintaining constant QoS. Objective: In this article, the primary aim is to synthesis and test a reinforcement learning–driven slicing framework in order to orchestrate the resources of the three types of slices – URLLC, mMTC, and eMBB. This is to improve the performance of the sliced resource, ensure high availability, and minimize competition of the resources in multi-tenant scenarios in 5G networks. Methods: The proposed study design includes a focus on the key stakeholders and their needs for requirements gathering and an experimental field for actual implementation. Resource distribution is guided by the reinforcement learning algorithms by trying to minimize a cost function which incorporates the relation between the latency, isolation, throughput and energy expended. Using a number of runs, quality of performance is monitored to enable assessment of stability as well as response rates. Results: Experimental results show that the proposed framework achieves a lower level of latency violations and capacity oversubscription compared to heuristic methods. Furthermore, it consistently achieves nearly 2.5X better throughput for telemedicine slices and guarantees less than 5 ms latency for time-sensitive services during dynamic traffic conditions. Conclusion: The study shows how reinforcement learning can be effective and applied for end-to-end 5G network slicing. This sort of adaptive orchestration can increase service dependability while optimising overhead and herald instantly climbable multi-tenant networks compatible with various industries