مطالب

In this article, the status of the Persian novel has been investigated via an interdisciplinary approach during the last hundred years. The research starts with the emergence of the Persian novel and continues up to the 2010s/1390s A.H., and it looks into the selected novels from a sociological outlook, i.e., studying literature within its social, cultural, political and historical context. The introduction of modernism into the Iranian society paved the way for the advent of this newly emerging type of literature in Persian literary tradition. Moreover, changes in the political and social structure of the Iranian society led to the establishment and the formation of various periods in the history of the Persian novel. Besides, communication with the modern world and accordingly familiarity with modern world literature through translation had also a considerable role in this process of transformation. To support the claims made in this research, examples will be presented from different novels written during the aforementioned period.

Isomorphism is the process by which organizations become more similar to each other over time. The purpose of this study was to explore how previous research has examined this phenomenon in sports organizations. We used a semi-systematic approach to conduct the research. In conducting and reporting the review we followed the four stages that are outlined by Snyder (2019). A total of 126 articles underwent an abstract review process, from which 26 articles were extracted. Finally, 13 qualitative articles that related to the research objectives were reviewed. We conducted a content analysis of 13 articles on isomorphism in sport. The articles were published in a variety of academic journals between 1990 and 2023. 8 main themes are presented: Type of isomorphism, Mechanism of isomorphism, Consequences of Isomorphism in Sport Organizations, Function of Isomorphism, Strategies for response to pressure, institutional logics, Application of Isomorphism in Sports Organizations, Managing Isomorphism in Sport Organizations. Results showed isomorphism in sport organizations is driven by three primary mechanisms: coercive isomorphism, mimetic isomorphism, and normative isomorphism. In conclusion, isomorphism is a complex phenomenon that can have both positive and negative consequences for sport organizations. By understanding the mechanisms of isomorphism and carefully managing its effects, sport organizations can leverage its benefits while maintaining their strategic autonomy and fostering a culture of innovation and adaptation.

Although there are several development processes for creating entertainment games, serious games, and gamified solutions, there is a need for a new consolidated process capable of developing different types of computer games and digital gamified solutions. This study covers the topic of computer games and gamified solutions design and development processes. First, processes of computer entertainment game production are introduced and investigated. Second, the paper describes gamification and serious game development processes. Finally, this study presents a new process called (DG)2DP to develop entertainment and serious computer games as well as digital gamified solutions. Two methods have been employed to evaluate the proposed game development method. First, the proposed process is assessed by 42 game development practitioners through an 8-factors questionnaire. Second, 16 experts that have applied the process are requested to rate the extent to which they would recommend the (DG)2DP to other game developers. The evaluation results show a 28.39% higher score for (DG)²DP than other processes. Furthermore, in comparison with other development processes, 81.25% of respondents agreed and strongly agreed to recommend the (DG)2DP to other game developers.