حمید هوشنگی

The current known as religious intellectualism, with the claim of reforming religious thought, addressed the problem of the causes of decline and the compatibility of tradition and modernity in Iran's religious society. In its later phase following the Islamic Revolution in Iran, this intellectual current has pursued a distinct intellectual trajectory—marking a significant departure from its predecessors—based on the specific religio-theological foundations observed in the views of its later figures This trajectory has been characterized in intellectual discourse as a movement toward a minimalist conception of religion. Given the status of this current in scientific and academic circles, and the necessity of evaluating the record of religious intellectualism with respect to its claim of reformist religious reflection, this article, through an examination of the views of prominent figures within this current, demonstrates that the religion-politics relations in religious intellectualist thought amount to a reconstruction of modern politics within the religious context of Iranian society.

Security is one of the social concepts that has been mentioned many times in the Holy Quran. This amount of reference to a concept in the Holy Quran shows the high importance of this concept. For this reason, the current research is aimed at analyzing the verses of the Holy Quran and using the method of interpreting the Quran to the Quran, to calculate the meaning of the concept of security in this divine source. The conducted studies show that a person needs to go through certain steps to reach the position of security. These steps are chained, and failure to fulfill any of them will result in not achieving the blessing of security. These stages include servitude and non-association with God, faith and righteous deeds, the position of divine caliph, the position of divine satisfaction, and finally attaining the position of security. Creating security in the society brings peace in that society and as a result, it brings that society to the position of closeness to God. Therefore, it is obligatory for the Islamic government to provide security and peace in the Islamic society and to provide the conditions for worshiping God.

Socio-cultural diversity is a comprehensive phenomenon across the world so that there are only a few monoethnical countries. Every country attempts to plan its policy to manage its ethnical diversity on one hand according to goals and approaches of its political system and on the other hand according to its specific ethnical diversity pattern. The Islamic Republic of Iran also is among countries with ethnical diversity and attempts to administrate its policy according to its political system approach toward ethnical diversity and the features of that diversity. In this paper it was tried to represent some socio-cultural suggestions, employing the positive experiences of countries with ethnical diversity and regarding opportunity-based approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran toward ethnical diversity and recommendations of the leaders of the revolution. The research method used here is a combination of documentary method with studying of resources and available studies, formation of elites’ panel, interviewing with elites. Also Smith’s general policy making model was used in the process.

Ethnic diversity in each country requires policy-making harmonized with the principles of the political system and the diversity state in that nation. Iran is one of the countries that has ethnic diversity. Justice in the Islamic Republic of Iran is a fundamental discourse and a legitimating factor that policy-making must be based on it. Therefore, justice in ethnic diversity policy-making has importance; it has also some implications. In this paper, by scholarly method and using existing resources and documents, besides choosing the approach and defining justice to put everything it its place as a theoretical framework, the status and importance of justice in policy-making of ethnic diversity will be explored from three perspectives:Firstly, the theoretical aspect by which presenting theories aims at explaining the relationship between justice and the emergence of ethnic crises. Secondly, the objective and field aspect, which signals the results of surveys, indicates the place of justice in policy-making of ethnic diversity. Finally, there is the importance of justice in the high-level documents related to the ethnic domain, which the volume of this issue indicates the significance of discussing justice in policy-making. In the next step, the implications of choosing a fair approach toward ethnic diversity policy-making in the Islamic Republic of Iran have been extracted. Reviews and studies have shown that the principal, objective, process, political and structural implications are taken from the adoption of a fair approach toward the policy-making of ethnic diversity.