بررسی نقش حکمروایی خوب در بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده شهری، مطالعه موردی: شهر کامیاران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
الگوی مدیریت شهری سنتی با افزایش چالش ها و مشکلات مناطق شهری و ناتوانی برای حل یا کاهش آن ها مورد انتقادات وسیعی قرارگرفته است. ازاین رو حکمروایی خوب شهری با تأکید بر گذار از نقش ساختارهای رسمی به عنوان محور تصمیم گیری به سوی نقش یابی جامعه مدنی در اعمال حقوق دموکراتیک مطرح گردیده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی اثرات شاخص های حکمروایی خوب شهری بر بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده در شهر کامیاران می باشد. مقاله حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش توصیفی - تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شهروندان محلات شهر کامیاران با جمعیت 57,077 نفر می باشند و جهت گردآوری داده ها از 384 پرسشنامه بر اساس فرمول کوکران به روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای استفاده شده است. به منظور شناسایی مؤلفه های اصلی حکمروایی خوب شهری در بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده شهر کامیاران از روش تحلیل تأثیرات متقابل و تحلیل ISM با کمک نرم افزار MicMac و درنهایت به منظور سنجش میزان حکمروایی محلی در ابعاد و معیارهای مختلف از مدل های تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه تاپسیس و برای تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها و بررسی ارتباط میان عوامل و تعیین سهم هر یک از آنان از مدل های معادلات ساختاری SEM)) استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد که مهم ترین مؤلفه های اثرگذار بر حکمروایی محلی شهر کامیاران به منظور بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده مشارکت نهادهای مدنی و بخش خصوصی می باشد و همچنین مؤلفه های اصلی حکمروایی محلی تأثیر مستقیم و مثبتی بر فرایند بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده دارد. درنهایت راهکارها و سیاست های اجرایی در جهت فرآیند حکمروایی محلی مطلوب در مدیریت بازآفرینی شهری کامیاران ارائه شده است.Investigating the Role of Good Urban Governance in Regeneration of Urban Worn-Out Textures (Case Study: Kamiyaran City)
Extended
Introduction
Citizen participation is a mechanism to guide local development and governance. Therefore, planning for participation, informed and meaningful presence of citizens in various cultural, social, economic, welfare, and local fields is considered as one of the urban development's most important concerns and necessities. While the urbanization process in developing countries has increased dramatically over the past 20 years, it is clear that the ability of governments to support the growth of urbanization and urban development has not been able to keep pace with this trend in many cases. Good urban governance is considered one of the most essential linking factors between governance principles, and new and adaptive organizational approaches. Using concepts such as participation, accountability, the rule of law, transparency, justice, efficiency, and accountability lays the foundation for sustainable development. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of good urban governance indicators on the regeneration of worn-out textures in Kamiyaran city.
Methodology
The research method of this article is descriptive and analytical. The data collection method was both field and library. In order to achieve the goals of the research, first of all, the effect of city regeneration criteria (economic, social, cultural, physical, and environmental-ecological) on regeneration and governance criteria (participation, accountability and responsibility, law enforcement, collective agreement, justice, transparency, strategic vision, and effectiveness and efficiency) on good urban governance in the city of Kamiyaran are examined and further the effect of good urban governance indicators (as the independent variable) is measured on urban regeneration indicators (as dependent variable), and then, the effect of good urban governance indicators (as an independent variable) on urban regeneration indicators (as a dependent variable) were measured. In order to accurately measure the validity of completed questionnaires, factor loading test, KMO and Bartlett coefficients were used in SPSS software. The KMO coefficient is equal to 0.709, and the Bartlett coefficient is equal to 0.001, which indicates the appropriate validity conditions of the prepared and completed questionnaires. The KMO coefficient is equal to 0.709, and the Bartlett coefficient is equal to 0.001, which indicates the appropriate validity conditions of the prepared and completed questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the research. A zero value of this coefficient indicates a lack of reliability, and +1 indicates complete reliability. Cronbach's alpha is equal to 0.921, which indicates the very good reliability of the completed research questions. In this regard, to identify the main components of the local governance process using the mutual or cross-influence analysis method, ISM analysis with the help of Mic Mac software has been used. Finally, to measure the level of local governance in different dimensions and criteria in the studied localities, it is necessary to use multi-indicator decision-making models, considering that the TOPSIS model compares the current situation of Kamiyaran city neighborhoods with ideal situations, which is suitable.
Results and discussion
The general result of the current state of urban regeneration in Kamiyaran city shows inappropriate/moderate conditions. The TOPSIS score of 0.40 indicates the condition of 40% of regeneration criteria in Kamiyaran city for the success of urban plans and programs. The overall score of TOPSIS for all economic indicators for the purpose of urban regeneration shows average conditions and 41% conditions in the regeneration of Kamiyaran city. Among all social status indicators, the average score of the Likert scale is 2.58, and the average TOPSIS score is 0.39, which indicates the inappropriate conditions of the social index. From the total indicators of physical condition, the average score of the Likert scale is 2.53 with TOPSIS score of 0.38, which indicates the inappropriate conditions of physical indicators. It should be noted that most of the indicators of the physical sector have inappropriate conditions. Among all the investigated indicators of environmental-ecological conditions, the average score of the Likert scale is 2.63 with an average TOPSIS score of 0.41, which shows the average conditions of these indicators. Among all the investigated indicators of the cultural status, the average score of the Likert scale is 0.42, which indicates the average level and downward conditions of the cultural indicators. The results of the institutional situation (formal and informal institutions) show the poor/average conditions of institutional indicators in Kamiyaran city, so that the average TOPSIS score is 0.40, which shows the 40% level of satisfaction and appropriateness of institutional indicators in Kamiyaran city.
Conclusion
The results of this research showed that by using the good urban governance approach, it is possible to improve the regeneration process at the level of city neighborhoods by organizing and making decisions based on democratic understanding, increasing participation and emphasizing the role of local communities. This is despite the fact that today, urban management cannot achieve sustainable goals with the past approaches due to the complexity of urban issues and challenges, especially in worn-out textures and the extent of this issue in different dimensions. For this reason, in recent years, various criteria and indicators have appeared in the development and regeneration of urban textures. The most important of them are the vitality of urban spaces, readability, security, belonging to a place, access to footpaths, government's attention to worn-out texture, municipality's attention to worn-out texture, level of awareness of existing plans, the existence of non-governmental organizations, grading of parts, building materials, access to Green space, access to commercial and service uses, access to leisure uses, desire to continue living in the neighborhood, duration of living in the neighborhood, participation rate, willingness to participate, social relations with neighbors, housing facilities, health level in the neighborhood.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
تبلیغات
