شناسایی بخش های رقابت پذیر منطقه ای در استان فارس (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تعیین بخش های رقابت پذیر در اقتصاد مناطق موضوع با اهمیتی است که حیات آینده منطقه را تضمین، و استراتژی های آینده را شکل می دهد. سوال اصلی این پژوهش ترکیب روش های مختلف رقابت پذیری به منظور سنجش وضعیت بخش های اقتصادی استان فارس می باشد، به این منظور با مرور ادبیات نظری رقابت پذیری منطقه ای و ترکیب چهار روش داده-ستانده، میانگین طول انتشار، ضریب مکانی و ترکیب-سهم به ترتیب وضعیت هر بخش را به لحاظ ارتباط با سایر بخش های اقتصادی، طول زنجیره تولید، تمرکز فضایی و میزان رشد هر بخش در مقایسه با سطح ملی مورد بررسی قرار دادیم. نتایج حاصل مدل ها نشان می دهد که تنها 3 بخش از 14 بخش کلی اقتصادی استان فارس دارای مقادیر معناداری هستند. اولین بخش، بخش"کشاورزی، شکار، جنگلداری و ماهیگیری" است. که از نظر تمامی شاخص ها مطرح شده در وضعیت خوبی است، اما دو بخش "بهداشت و مددکاری اجتماعی"، و "اداره عمومی و خدمات شهری" از نظر ارتباط کافی با سایر بخش های اقتصادی دارای ضعف جدی می باشد. همچنین مقدار شاخص طول انتشار برای تمامی بخش های ذکر شده برابر یک بوده است، که نشان دهنده ضعف جدی استان در صنایع تبدیلی است.Identification regional competitiveness sectors in Fars province
: Competitive economic sectors determination plays a substantial role in feature regional strategies creation. Moreover, most of traditional views change into dynamic approach stand on creativity and knowledge. Regional competitiveness is the region ability to attract and maintain achieved companies, while improving inhabitants’ standard of living. Mr. L. Martin introduces employment rate and GDRP as two outcomes for regional competitiveness. Unfortunately, Fars province does not have appropriate place among Iran regions base on employment rate and GDRP. In this research, we are reviewing competitiveness theories and methods in order to find the best complementary methods stand on available information. Also, we will distinguish the reasons of Fars province low rank among Iran’s regions. Our review shows that Input-output method, Average portion length index, Location quotients and Shift-share analysis can be the best complementary methods for measuring sector connectivity, length of product chain, spatial concentration and portions of regional economic growth. So we divided Fars economic into 14 sectors that include “Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing”, “Mining and quarrying”, “Manufacturing”, “Electricity, gas, steam and water supply”, “Construction” ,“Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles”, “Accommodation and food service activities”, “Transportation, storage and communications”, “Finance, Insurance and real Estate”, “Professional, scientific and technical activities”, “Administrative and support service activities”, “Education”, “Human health and social work activities”, “Other service activities”. Input-output method identifies three sectors by normalizing backward and forward linkages which includes” Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing”, “Manufacturing” and “Transportation, storage and Communications”. Also, Average portion length numerical value equal to one and shows a very short product chain for all industries. Moreover, Location quotients calculate the share of Fars province from national level for measuring industries agglomeration in this region. The result of this model shows 3 economic sectors named,” Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing”, “Administrative and support service activities” and “Human health and social work activities”. Finally, our last analysis is shift-share in conjunction with Location quotients. This model identifies emerging clusters in Fars province that include” Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing”, “Construction”,” Finance, Insurance and Real Estate”, “Administrative and support service activities” and “Human health and social work activities”. In this regard, we can define three competitive economic sectors such as,” Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing” for the first priority plus “Administrative and support service activities” and “Human health and social work activities” as the second priority, because they have not significant backward and forward linkages in I-O table. On the other hand, all of Fars province industries suffer from short product chain and this is the main cause of Fars rank between Iran regions. So, for shaping Fars future strategies we should concentrate on these sectors besides to enhance inhabitants’ standard of living. In this way, public sectors should invest on infrastructure and encourage private sectors to develop related variated industries in Fars province industrial park. Also, competitive regional economy is a dynamic concept, so we must monitor our competitors for making competitiveness future in Fars base on uncertainty may happened.
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