corona

Various infectious diseases have plagued humankind and killed millions throughout history. Crisis management by governments has been crucial in such emergencies. This study aims to examine the method of crisis management caused by epidemics, especially Corona in Iran, and seeks to discover the policies and measures which have been taken by governments to prevent the spread of diseases and treat these diseases since the Qajar period. In this research, which was carried out by historical method and with a descriptive-analytical approach, to collect data, documents related to the subject, identification, study, and required information were extracted and indexed. Findings indicate that the policy-making process has been better and more effective by passing of time. Thus, the minimum programs implemented by the government were not successful for various reasons in the Qajar period, but infectious diseases were mainly controlled due to the compulsion to implement health regulations in the Pahlavi period. Great strides have been made in preventing the spread of infectious diseases after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. Since the outbreak of corona disease, various measures have been taken to control the disease, which has helped curb public awareness and participation to a large extent, and Iran is now on the verge of producing the corona vaccine and launching it on the market.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment and coronary anxiety in students of Ardabil province. The research method is correlational. The statistical population in this study includes 125,000 primary school students in Ardabil province. In this study, we tested 1062 people using a stratified random sampling method based on the Morgan table, of which 531 were girls and 531 were boys. To assess corona anxiety, we used the edited Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CDAS), which has been prepared and validated in Iran. To assess children's attachment, we used the edited questionnaire on the relationship between child attachments. (KCAQ) used Halpern and Rotenberg. The results of the present study showed that attachment and its subscales have a positive and significant relationship with corona anxiety. To answer the first question of the study, indicate that corona anxiety. And each of its dimensions in the statistical population is in an unfavorable situation. In response to the second question of the research, it should be show that the state of attachment and each of its dimensions (except positive adaptive change) in the statistical population is unfavorable according to the results. Statistical analysis suggestion that families should modify their parenting and care patterns to decrease stress, fear, and corona anxiety in their children, and to know that their anxiety can be effect on their children.

The flipped classroom is one of the new approaches to learning and innovative teaching methods worldwide. Given the conditions created in the Corona pandemic and the production of the initial content of many courses, a practical experience of holding a flipped class is examined. Accordingly, the present analysis aims at assessing perceptions, experiences, quality of participation, learning performance and student satisfaction with in a flipped classroom. 18 students participated from the field of electrical engineering in this case study. The data were analyzed using statistical methods of one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation, regression coefficient, and SPSS software. The results revealed that students' access to information and resources and teachers' support and motivation significantly affected students' satisfaction. Furthermore, access to information and resources and teacher support and motivation significantly affected student-perceived learning outcomes. Finally, supporting students' participation and collaboration with each other in flipped classroom also had a significant effect on their satisfaction and perceived learning outcomes. The knowledge gained by students during the class had a significant impact on students' satisfaction and perceived learning outcomes.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking therapy training on reducing recurrent negative thoughts in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in Corona Virus period.  The research method was quasi-experimental by pretest-posttest with control group and experimental group.  The statistical population of this study was obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in Mahabad. According to the data registered in Rajan Psychotherapy Center, 71 people were referred to primary and secondary obsessive-compulsive disorder in February 2021. Using the convenience sampling method, 30 patients with OCD were selected as the experimental group and 30 patients with OCD as the control group, and the experimental group was exposed to positive thinking skills training.  In order to collect information, a Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ) was used. This questionnaire was developed by Ering et al. (2011) to assess recurring negative thoughts.  The intervention program of positive thinking skills training was implemented in 10 an-hour sessions on the experimental group. The positive thinking skills training package was derived from Quilliam (2003) Positive Thinking and Applied Positiveness.  Findings obtained from analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference in reducing negative repetitive thoughts in the post-test phase between the experimental and control groups(P<0.05).  According to the research results, it seems that teaching positive thinking skills is effective in reducing negative repetitive thoughts among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the university libraries’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and determine their services patterns. Method: This study is a qualitative exploration by collecting data through phone and online interviews of selected heads or assistants of thirteen university libraries. The interview recordings were transcribed with the help of callX software. The content of the interviews was analyzed and coded using MaxQDA software and led to the extraction of 220 initial codes. Findings: Almost all the central libraries of the studied universities limited their in-person services during Covid 19 pandemic but engaged with the users and tried to increase digital and remote services. Revamping their web pages, Flexibility in presenting services, development of information dissemination to users were the most important services and activities that central libraries presented in the pandemic era. Two of the most significant services which they have started during this period are librarian booking and online videoconference interviews with the users. Conclusion: although Covid 19 quickly invaded libraries and reduced the opportunity for a quick response, some of the studied central libraries took advantage of the crisis and provided suitable services to students such as setting up digital reference desks, purchase of software to organize electronic resources in the library, online reference interview with users etc.

In this article, the authors try to design a social capital promotion model for the branches of the Social Security Organization of Mazandaran Province during the corona outbreak. The research method is exploratory (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section was 30 university professors and executive elites in the field of management and in the quantitative section was 150 elites in the field of social security. In the qualitative part, using the snowball method of dreading theoretical saturation with 16 experts, in-depth interviews were conducted and in the quantitative part, to evaluate the model, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 90 samples by relative cluster sampling method. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by form-content method and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS and AMOS software. The corona outbreak period has 18 dimensions as follows:  causal variables (organizational transparency, competence, support and social cohesion), contextual variables (innovative designs, development and customer relationship management, organizational skills and management), intervention variables (Setting and maintaining policies to overcome constraints, optimal crisis management, efficient manpower and service delivery development), strategic variables (recognizing threats and challenges, innovative strategies, recognizing and financing), and outcome (increasing investment, Intensification of social interaction, deepening social satisfaction, comprehensive development of the organization). The results of the quantitative section showed that all the dimensions of the research model of the research were confirmed

The caused rapid spread of the Coronavirus, or Covid-19, has a pandemic with effects beyond health-related issues. Scientists a referred to this "total as social reality," event profoundly as it has changed our daily lives and behavior, and has had, will continue to have, far-reaching economic and political impacts. This article seeks to show how the Corona epidemic has affected neoliberalism, which has become one of the dominant discourses of international relations and governments since the 1980s. Library sources and analytical-descriptive method were used to conduct this research. The results of this article show that the Corona pandemic has revealed the moral vacuum and economic failures at the heart of the neoliberalism-based "development" model that has dominated global economic relations since the 1980s. Rather than putting politics and economics at the service of citizens, neoliberalism has forced workers to serve the needs of the market. At the same time, neoliberalism has discriminated public services, especially health care, against in the face of the coronavirus challenge

Women have been trying to gain independence throughout history. In recent years, advances in technology and business have helped women to achieve this goal. According to women's personality and psychological characteristics, there are differences in their trading styles. One of the factors influencing the choice of this type of strategy is stress. In the last few years, stress and anxiety caused by Corona have become epidemic. In order to test the hypotheses, women traders active in the financial markets of Iran were examined using a Likert questionnaire in 2022, and interesting results were obtained. In order to carry out the research of this study, an interview was conducted first to find suitable questions and validity. Then, the statistical population and sample were selected, and the final questionnaire was distributed among them. MATLAB software was used to identify the number of common descriptive characteristics of the respondents, and finally, using EViews software, statistical analysis related to hypothesis testing was performed. The result shows that women play more conservatively and are risk-averse during the period of coronavirus infection. It has no effect on the volume and capital used in the transaction. The Corona anxiety has significant effects on the three dependent variables of conservatism, trading style, and trading (volume, capital, and number of transactions).