مطالب

The present study was an evaluation attempt to investigate the practicality of interpretation procedures proposed by Fairclough (1989) in the critical analysis of Persian texts. The evaluation was implemented on the basis of a goodness criterion, analytical induction (AI) framework developed by Silverman (1993). In so doing, we went about the interpretation of the inaugural speech made by the president of Iran, Dr. Rohani to the United Nations General Assembly in New York in 2013. The interpretation was done according to the Fairclough’s interpretation model in light of AI theoretical framework. The outcome of the study supported the practicality of the overall interpretation model in the Iranian context. However, considering Iranian special sociolinguistic context, the study also put forward some suggestions with respect to the interpretation of local coherence and text structure in the lower section of the model as well as situational context and intertextual context in upper section.  

The advent of postmethod pedagogy has completely changed today's conceptualization of language teachers, and the importance of powerful teaching has increasingly gained momentum in the field of TESOL. However, contemporary English language teaching contexts suffer a dearth of a workable package to educate the much-needed autonomous postmethod language teachers who are able to have their own contextualized praxis. As such, the present research aims to nurture the required self-growth and self-development in language teachers through forming collaborative professional and critical discussion circles. Enjoying a mixed method research design whose quantitative section included a quasi-experimental design consisting of three phases--a pretest, an educational 12-week long treatment phase, and a posttest--the results of the study gained by two instruments, namely, the reflective teaching questionnaire developed by Akbari et al. (2010) and two similar language teaching episodes, bore witness to the significant changes in the level of reflectiveness of all 13 language teachers who partook in these discussion circles. Developmentally speaking, participating language teachers were found to initiate the whole process, direct it, and finally evaluate the new experiences further along the road. Hence the ideals of teacher development, self-growth and personal development, were accomplished through the study.

Indus trialized Building has been introduced as a method with better productivity, quality, and safety, and it is defined as a cons truction sys tem where components are manufactured at factories on or off-site, transported, and then assembled into with minimum work in the s tudy of the use of building indus trialization, the ques tion of this s tudy is to apply product-oriented and process-oriented in the quality of building indus trialization and interaction and the overlap between the two areas in the category of indus trialization. Explaining the characteris tics of these two aspects leads to various s tructures that include the main objectives of this s tudy. With the help of product-driven and process-driven approaches, it can be achieved with varying qualities of building indus trialization. In this regard, several experts' views have been reviewed s tudied, and a five-s tep quality is extracted. Finally, employing interface tools to two product-driven and process-oriented approaches, a good choice concerning the five-s tep quality has been made for designers in building indus trialization.

We know little about the physical environment -walking relationship in middle-eas t countries. There is also a need for qualitative approaches to s tudying this relationship. This s tudy aimed to unders tand the physical contextual factors influencing the everyday walking experience of middle-aged residents in an area of Tehran, Iran. It utilized an inductive qualitative content analysis along with Cons tant Comparative Analysis (CCA). The main themes and categories explored were safety and security (sense of insecurity, sense of inadequate safety), comfort and convenience (lack of physical comfort, accessibility to des tinations and amenities, the possibility to do rhythmic walking, sense of overcrowding), and aes thetics and attractiveness (variety and harmony, cleanliness and maintenance, natural elements). The subset concepts of the categories were also explored, including lighting, presence of others, air pollution, crossing s treets, the surface of sidewalks, walking on the side of s treets roadway, thermal comfort, s tepping s tairs, noise nuisance, dis tances to the neighborhood facilities, sitting places, characteris tics of paths, overloaded s treets, non-local offices and s tores, variety and harmony of building facades, old buildings, a variety of colors, various s tores, enclosure, upkeep of buildings, greenery, presence of water and birds, and natural sounds. Narrow and uneven sidewalks influenced walking in multiple aspects. This s tudy proposed considerations and details to the general urban policies and interventions to encourage walking. The results of this s tudy can facilitate urban designers and planners in creating community built environments, which promote clean transportation and public health.