مطالب

As a nation that operates under a democratic form of government, Malaysia is home to a diverse range of political beliefs, each of which is supported by a distinct political party. In addition to that, it is made up of citizens of multiple races, such as Malay, Indian, Chinese, and other races, each of whom unquestionably has their own opinion concerning a variety of different subjects. The disparities in political ideology and cultural upbringing that exist between different ethnic communities are an essential factor in the potential for racial tensions. The objective of this article is twofold: first, to examine how politicians in Malaysia obtain support from voters, either directly or indirectly, by utilising jurisprudence theory; and second, to analyze how politicians, by utilising their authority, attempt to govern people in a peaceful manner. While the study employs a doctrinal approach, the data were gathered through library research to learn how Malaysian politicians use their positions of authority to further their own agendas while attempting to uphold the stability of the nation and the well-being of the people. The analysis concluded that the study of jurisprudence, which encompasses both the theory and philosophy of law, has a significant bearing on Malaysia's political and legal institutions and the constitutional processes and justifications for those institutions. Although obtaining justice for all parties can be challenging, nations typically prefer to adopt decisions that prioritise protecting the general welfare over pursuing the goal of justice.

The purpose of the article is to perform stress-testing technologies of the financial stability of an insurance company based on the constructed mathematical model of the insurance company's activity, which would meet the established requirements (adequate reproduction of the main parameters of the insurance company's functioning; taking into account the stochastic nature of insurance processes; flexible management of model parameters describing company's behaviour; the ability to influence the intensity of flows; suitability for algorithmization and construction of computational simulation model. The relevance of this study is due to the need to address the problem of changes and complications, the growing variety of strategies and products implemented by insurance companies. There is a need for innovative methods to assess and monitor the vulnerability of these institutions to various types of risks. One of these methods, which is gaining widespread recognition both among regulators and financial corporations, is stress testing. It has been established that stress testing as a risk management tool is used both to assess the insurance company's readiness for a crisis situation, and to develop a plan of adequate measures to counteract and eliminate its negative impact. The development and application of the proposed mathematical and simulation model of stress testing of the financial stability of the insurance company allows to solve issues of ensuring sufficiency of capital level, control of financial stability and solvency, reliability of efficiency of activities, taking into account the probabilistic nature of insurance activities, various typical insurance risks and time horizons.