مطالب

The Instructional design plays a key role in the effectiveness of various educational courses. Studies have shown that the Instructional design is one of the key factors that affect the quality of e-learning courses; however, not enough attention has been paid to the instructional design for designing and implementation of e-learning courses. As a result, we face courses and programs which lack quality. Therefore, exploring the effective components of e-learning designing in the literature and offering an e-learning instructional design for higher education was the purpose of this study. To this end, the study used a systematic review and some keywords related to the instructional design were searched for in scientific databases. After reviewing the articles, 33 studies, conducted between 2015 and 2019, were reviewed. The findings showed that needs analysis, content analysis, learner analysis, instructional principles and strategies, learning environment design, electronic content development, messages design, guidance and support, and assessment and evaluation were the primary components affecting the effectiveness of e-learning. Finally, having reviewed and analyzed the results, examined their relevance to the instructional design, and taken into account the experience of authors in the field of e-learning, a framework was proposed for e-learning instructional design, hoped to be utilized by researchers and e-learning   practitioners.  

Assessment of function is considered as an important strategic process in organizations. Using assessment of function with a consistently implemented viewpoint causes upgrading and improving the response of executive agencies in government section and also increasing public confidence in the performance of organizations. It helps the efficiency and effectiveness of the government too. Assessment of function is based on a balanced scorecard model for implementation of virtual training centers' strategies was the purpose of this survey research. A stratified random sampling method with a proportional volume allocation technique was used to achieve the goal. The statistical population of this research with 350 persons includes available staff working in the centers of Kerman province in 2017 and the sample size was estimated 184 persons by using the Cochran formula. Data collection was done using documentary and field methods. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure each of the components of the research. According to experts, research was confirmed validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated 0.81. The statistical method is a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Examination of hypotheses showed that there is a direct relationship between the implementation of the BSC and the related factors (learning, innovation, and competence), (financial), (internal process of S) with organizational performance. But there was no relationship between performances of the agent (more satisfaction). The overall results showed that the implementation of the BSC model has a direct relationship with organizational performance.

Objective: Chronic pain is one of the most important medical problems that affect many people every year. The highest prevalence of chronic pain is in adulthood. Sleep problems are one of common symptoms of chronic pain. The aim of this study was to compare sleep quality in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. Methods: This study was comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Among them, 159 persons were selected using convenience sampling method. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Von korff Pain Intensity Scale and demographic information Form were used to collect data. Data analysis was done using t-test and one way analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that sleep quality in mothers with chronic pain was significantly different from healthy mothers, and with increase in pain intensity, sleep quality decreased. Conclusions: Results of this study have implications on need pay attention to quality of sleep in mothers with chronic pain and its impact on daily routine and their duties as a parent.

Data mining as a science is a search process for finding new, valuable, and unknown information among a wealth of data. This approach is among the top 10 developing knowledge that will face the next decade with a technological revolution and has been expanding rapidly in recent years. The purpose of this research is to explore learners' behavior in interactive educational environments using data mining algorithms. Exploration and extraction of meaningful relationships among different factors with the help of data mining algorithms can be used to provide solutions to improve learners' performance. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained through content analysis and its reliability was measured through re-testing. The data collection discussed in this study relates to the activities and interactions of 200 active students in a university social network. After gathering information about learners' interactions, the Apriori algorithm of data mining is used to analyze the behavior of learners through the use of rules. The main goal is to facilitate the education along with obtaining the proficiency of the courses. Improved interactive content is obtained from feedback information based on the data mining techniques of the data management system. Therefore, the results of this research can help educational system managers to plan their education and optimize educational processes in the interactive environment.