طراحی چارچوب مفهومی انتقال فناوری های پیشرفته در انقلاب صنعتی پنجم: رویکرد تحلیل مضمون (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف: ظهور پارادایم صنعت 5.0 با تمرکز بر تعامل هوشمندانه انسان و ماشین، چالش های جدیدی را در فرآیند انتقال فناوری های پیشرفته ایجاد کرده است. هدف این پژوهش تبیین چارچوب مفهومی جامع برای انتقال فناوری های پیشرفته در پارادایم صنعت 5.0 است. روش پژوهش: این پژوهش با رویکرد پراگماتیسم و استراتژی استقرایی-قیاسی انجام شده است. از میان مقالات علمی منتشر شده بین سال های 2017 تا 2024 در پنج پایگاه داده معتبر، 84 مقاله با نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. داده ها با استفاده از رویکرد ترکیبی متن کاوی و تحلیل مضمون تحلیل شدند. در فاز کمی از الگوریتم های LDAو K-means برای خوشه بندی مفاهیم، و در فاز کیفی از روش تحلیل مضمون براون و کلارک استفاده شد. روایی یافته ها با استفاده از روش مثلث سازی و پایایی با محاسبه ضریب توافق کاپا (83/0) تأیید گردید. یافته ها: تحلیل متن کاوی به شناسایی پنج خوشه اصلی منجر شد که شامل فناوری های پیشرفته (54.4%)، انتقال فناوری (8.5%)، صنعت 5.0 (19.2%)، چالش ها و فرصت ها (11.4%) و سیاست گذاری و قوانین (6.6%) بودند. تحلیل مضمون منجر به شناسایی 40 مضمون اصلی و 163 مضمون فرعی شد که در قالب هشت مرحله اصلی انتقال فناوری دسته بندی شدند. این مراحل شامل شناسایی و گزینش، اکتساب، انطباق، جذب و تحلیل، کاربرد و بهره برداری، توسعه و بهبود، اشاعه، و یادگیری و نوآوری است. نتیجه گیری: موفقیت در انتقال فناوری های پیشرفته در صنعت 5.0 مستلزم ایجاد یک اکوسیستم پویا و تعاملی است که در آن عوامل فنی، سازمانی، انسانی و محیطی به طور همزمان مدیریت می شوند. اصالت/ارزش: این پژوهش برای نخستین بار با ترکیب رویکردهای متن کاوی و تحلیل مضمون، چارچوبی جامع برای انتقال فناوری در پارادایم صنعت 5.0 ارائه می دهد که فراتر از مدل های خطی موجود رفته و رویکردی اکوسیستمی ارائه می کند. این چارچوب می تواند مبنایی برای پژوهش های آتی در حوزه انتقال فناوری های پیشرفته و راهنمای عمل مدیران و سیاست گذاران باشد.Designing a Conceptual Framework for Advanced Technology Transfer in the Fifth Industrial Revolution: A Thematic Analysis Approach
Purpose: The emergence of Industry 5.0, characterized by enhanced human-machine collaboration and sustainability focus, has fundamentally transformed the landscape of advanced technology transfer. While Industry 4.0 primarily focused on automation and digitalization, Industry 5.0 emphasizes the synergistic integration of human capabilities with advanced technologies, creating new challenges and opportunities in technology transfer processes. Traditional technology transfer models, designed for earlier industrial paradigms, fail to address the unique requirements of Industry 5.0, particularly its emphasis on human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience. This study aims to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework for advanced technology transfer in the Industry 5.0 paradigm, addressing the critical need for understanding how emerging technologies can be effectively transferred while maintaining the human-centric and sustainable focus characteristic of this new industrial paradigm. The research specifically seeks to identify and integrate key components, stages, and success factors in the technology transfer process, considering the complex interplay between human factors, technological capabilities, and sustainability requirements that define Industry 5.0.
Methodology: This study adopts a pragmatist philosophy with an abductive approach, combining quantitative text mining with qualitative thematic analysis to develop a comprehensive understanding of technology transfer in Industry 5.0. The research examined 84 relevant scientific articles published between 2017 and 2025, selected through purposive sampling from five major academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Emerald Insight, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The selection criteria focused on relevance to Industry 5.0 technology transfer, scientific rigor, and accessibility of full texts. The analysis was conducted in two main phases: a quantitative phase employing sophisticated text mining algorithms including Latent Dirichlet Allocation for topic modeling, K-means clustering for concept grouping, and sentiment analysis for understanding technology perceptions, followed by a qualitative phase using Braun and Clarke's six-step thematic analysis methodology. The text mining phase processed over 1.2 million words of text, identifying key concept clusters and relationship patterns. The subsequent thematic analysis involved multiple iterations of coding, theme development, and refinement, starting with 462 initial codes that were refined to 386 unique codes. Validation was ensured through methodological triangulation, parallel coding by independent researchers achieving a Kappa coefficient of 0.83, and expert review by specialists in technology transfer and Industry 5.0.
Findings: The research revealed a complex landscape of technology transfer in Industry 5.0, identified through five distinct knowledge clusters and eight key transfer stages. The text mining analysis revealed five primary clusters: advanced technologies (54.4% of content), technology transfer mechanisms (8.5%), Industry 5.0 characteristics (19.2%), challenges and opportunities (11.4%), and policy and regulations (6.6%). Within these clusters, the thematic analysis identified 40 main themes and 163 sub-themes, organized into eight key stages of technology transfer: identification and selection, acquisition, adaptation, absorption and analysis, application and utilization, development and enhancement, dissemination, and learning and innovation. Each stage encompasses specific components and indicators crucial for successful technology transfer in the Industry 5.0 environment. The findings indicate that successful technology transfer in Industry 5.0 requires a holistic approach that integrates technical, organizational, human, and environmental dimensions. The research particularly highlighted the importance of human-centric design principles, sustainability integration methods, and adaptive learning systems in the transfer process.
Research limitations/implications: The study encountered several significant limitations that merit careful consideration in interpreting and applying its findings. The emerging nature of Industry 5.0 resulted in a limited availability of empirical studies, potentially affecting the comprehensiveness of the theoretical framework. The reliance on secondary data sources, while allowing for broad coverage of the field, restricted the ability to capture real-time implementation challenges and solutions in industrial settings. The focus on English-language literature may have excluded valuable insights from non-English speaking regions, particularly from countries with advanced industrial policies. Additionally, the rapid evolution of technology and industrial practices means that some findings may require regular updating to maintain relevance. These limitations suggest several important research implications. First, there is a clear need for empirical validation studies to test and refine the proposed framework in various industrial contexts. Second, longitudinal studies tracking the implementation of technology transfer projects in Industry 5.0 environments would provide valuable insights into the framework's practical applicability. Third, cross-cultural comparative analyses could help understand how different cultural and institutional contexts affect technology transfer success in Industry 5.0. The study's limitations also highlight the need for industry-specific adaptation studies and the development of more sophisticated measurement tools for assessing technology transfer effectiveness in human-centric industrial environments.
Practical implications: The research provides comprehensive practical implications for multiple stakeholder groups involved in Industry 5.0 technology transfer. For industry managers, the framework offers a structured approach to assessing and selecting appropriate technologies, emphasizing the need to consider both technical capabilities and human factors in implementation decisions. The detailed stages and indicators provide practical guidelines for managing the complex process of technology integration while maintaining focus on human-centric values and sustainability goals. Policy makers can utilize the findings to develop more effective regulatory frameworks that balance technological advancement with social and environmental considerations. The research particularly emphasizes the need for policies that support workforce development, encourage sustainable practices, and promote innovation while protecting human interests. Technology providers can better understand the specific requirements of Industry 5.0 environments and adapt their solutions to meet these needs, particularly in terms of human-machine interaction and sustainable operation. Academic institutions can use the findings to develop more relevant training programs and research initiatives that address the unique challenges of Industry 5.0 technology transfer. The study also provides valuable insights for consultants and technology transfer professionals, offering practical tools for assessing readiness, planning implementations, and measuring success in technology transfer projects. The framework's emphasis on continuous learning and adaptation makes it particularly valuable for organizations transitioning from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 paradigms.
Originality/value: This research makes several significant original contributions to both the theoretical understanding and practical implementation of technology transfer in Industry 5.0. The study is the first to provide a comprehensive framework specifically designed for technology transfer in the Industry 5.0 paradigm, moving beyond traditional linear models to present an ecosystem approach that reflects the complex interplay between human, technological, and environmental factors. The innovative methodological approach, combining sophisticated text mining techniques with detailed thematic analysis, enables a more nuanced understanding of technology transfer complexities than previous studies have achieved. The research introduces novel conceptual elements, particularly in its integration of human-centric design principles with technical transfer requirements, providing a new perspective on how organizations can maintain human primacy while advancing technological capabilities. The framework's practical value lies in its detailed operationalization of abstract concepts into measurable indicators and actionable guidelines, making it immediately useful for practitioners while also advancing theoretical understanding. The study's emphasis on sustainability and human-centricity in technology transfer represents a significant advancement in how we conceptualize and manage technological change in industrial settings. By identifying and analyzing the specific components and relationships that characterize successful technology transfer in Industry 5.0, this research provides both a theoretical foundation for future studies and a practical roadmap for organizations navigating the transition to more advanced, human-centric industrial paradigms. This combination of theoretical advancement and practical applicability makes the study particularly valuable for academics, practitioners, and policy makers working to shape the future of industrial development.
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