طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه و راهبردهای مقابله ای در زنان متقاضی طلاق ناشی از همسر آزاری (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
راهبردهای مقابله ای می تواند منجر به کاهش رنج ناشی از وضعیت تنش زا به دلیل نقش طرحواره های ناس ازگار اولی ه باشد، به همین دلیل بررسی این عوامل می تواند در جهت بررسی علل طلاق موثر باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر نیز بررسی مولفه های مذکور در زنان متقاضی طلاق ناشی از همسرآزاری و سایر زنان متقاضی طلاق مراجعه کننده به پزشکی قانونی استان اردبیل می باشد. روش پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع علّی-مقایسه ای بود. پرسشنامه ها ی طرحواره ی ناسازگار اوّلیه یانگ (1999) و راهبردهای مقابله ای لازاروس و فولکمن توسط 100 نفر از زنان انتخاب شده (50 زن متقاضی طلاق ناشی از همسرآزاری و 50 زن متقاضی طلاق) با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند، تکمیل شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد که طرحواره های ناسازگار اولیه زنان آزاردیده از همسر تفاوت معنی داری با سایر زنان متقاضی طلاق داشت به طوری که در زنان آزاردیده از همسر بیشتر بود. همچنین راهبردهای مقابله ای زنان آزاردیده از همسر تفاوت معنی داری با سایر زنان متقاضی طلاق داشت به طوری که در سایر زنان متقاضی طلاق بیشتر بود. با توجه به یافته ها، طرحواره های ناسازگار اوّلیه در بین زنان متقاضی طلاق ناشی از همسر آزاری بیشتر از سایر زنان متقاضی طلاق بود. هرچند این تحقیق بامحدودیت هایی از قبیل عدم همکاری مراجعین پزشکی قانونی اردبیل همراه بود. پیشنهاد می شود که مهارت ها و برنامه های آموزشی مرتبط با افزایش شیوه های سازگاری زوجین در زندگی مشترک در راستای کاهش آمارطلاق، آموزش داده شود.Early Maladaptive Schemas and Coping Strategies in Abused Women Seeking Divorce
Coping strategies can lead to a reduction in suffering caused by stressful situations due to the role of initial maladaptive schemas. Therefore, the study of these factors can be effective in investigating the causes of divorce. The present study aimed to investigate the mentioned components in women seeking divorce due to spousal abuse and other women seeking divorce referred to forensic medicine in Ardabil province. The research method used was descriptive causal-comparative. The Young and Brown maladaptive schema questionnaire and the Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies were completed by 100 selected women (50 women seeking divorce due to spousal abuse and 50 women seeking divorce) using purposive sampling. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the initial maladaptive schemas of abused women from their husbands were significantly different from other women seeking divorce. Abused women had more maladaptive schemas than women seeking divorce for other reasons. Additionally, coping strategies of abused women from their husbands were significantly different from other women seeking divorce, with other causes being more common. According to the findings, the initial maladaptive schemas were higher among women seeking divorce due to spousal abuse than among other women seeking divorce. However, this study had limitations, including the lack of cooperation from Ardabil forensic clients. To reduce divorce rates, we suggest that skills and training programs related to increasing couples' adaptation practices in cohabitation be taught. Keywords Early Maladaptive Schemas, Coping Strategies, Divorce, Abused Women by Husband IntroductionIn recent decades, global social developments have confronted and threatened the family system with new changes, challenges, issues, and needs. When family functions, such as biological, social, cognitive, and emotional functions, are damaged one after another, their members gradually lose their sense of satisfaction (Kowah, 2015). The gradual decrease in family members' satisfaction first causes psychological rupture and then social rupture. Eventually, it becomes a legal event called a divorce (Oldham, 2017). Therefore, divorce is the most important threat against the foundation of the family (Ghotbi et al., 2004). Divorce is known as one of the most common social harms and its occurrence is increasing in industrial and non-industrial countries (Hezar Jaribi et al., 2017). According to the National Registration Organization, the divorce rate from 2006 to 2013 is more than 16% Has increased (Zareian and Sadidpour, 2017). Also, according to the statistics of the Civil Registration Organization, the number of marriages registered in 1396 compared to 1395, decreased by about 8% (51 thousand cases), while the number of divorces reached about 175 thousand cases, which is the highest number recorded in the history of Iran. (Sadegh Shirazi, 2018).Early maladaptive schemas are emotional and cognitive patterns of self-harm that are formed in the mind at the beginning of growth and development and continue throughout life (Sohrabi, Azami et al, 2014). As can be understood from this definition, schemas do not include the behaviour of individuals, but behavior is part of the coping responses that originate from schemas (Salavati and Yazdandoost, 2015). Early maladaptive schemas are one of the factors that can affect marital satisfaction (Young, Kloseco, & Wisshar, 2003). These schemas can affect a person's perception of various situations, such as sexual dysfunction, and are one of the most important etiological factors in the tendency to risky behaviours (Poliment, Morho-Gronert, 2010). , Affect the ability to feel intimacy and satisfaction from romantic and sexual relationships of couples (Chata and Wischman, 2014).Coping strategies refer to one's activities and efforts to manage problems and emotions and to influence physical and psychological consequences (Summerfield and McCray, 2000). These strategies are generally thought of as mediating variables that are called when experiencing a stressor and express the relationship between the stressor and its outcome (Hosseini et al., 2016). In other words, it is a set of cognitive and behavioural efforts that are used to interpret, interpret and correct a stressful situation and lead to a reduction in suffering (Schmidt et al., 2012). From the point of view of Lazarus and Folkman (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), confrontation is a dynamic phenomenon that shows the state of a person's cognitive and emotional efforts in the face of stressful factors or consequences. Lazarus states that more important than tension is the concept of coping, which plays an important role in adaptation and incompatibility. Sources of environmental stress, when strong and uncontrollable, affect a person's behaviour and disrupt his performance, and the amount of stress caused by environmental stressors depends on a person's mental judgment about the extent of the threat of stress (Lazarus, 1991). MethodologyThe research method was descriptive causal-comparative. The Young Young (1999) maladaptive schema questionnaire and Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies were completed by 100 selected women (50 women seeking divorce due to spousal abuse and 50 women seeking divorce) using purposive sampling. To analyze the data, an analysis of variance was used. ResultThe results showed that the initial maladaptive schemas of abused women from their husbands were significantly different from other women seeking a divorce so that in abused women it was more than the husband. Also, the coping strategies of abused women from their husbands were significantly different from other women seeking divorce, so it was more common in other women seeking a divorce. According to the findings, the initial maladaptive schemas were higher among women seeking divorce due to spousal abuse than other women seeking divorce. However, this study was accompanied by limitations such as the lack of cooperation of Ardabil forensic clients. It is suggested that skills and training programs related to increasing couples' adaptation practices in cohabitation be taught to reduce divorce rates.
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