Curriculum Research

The present study aims to identify the components of professional ethics in the field of curriculum planning. Factors affecting professional ethics in the curriculum planners are investigated from the viewpoints of professors in the field of educational sciences so that the results can be used as the executive suggestions for the decision-makers in this regard. This study is an applied research in terms of aim, quantitative in terms of the data type, and a descriptive survey research in terms of the method. The statistical population of the study included all male and female faculty members in the field of educational sciences at Azad Universities of Tehran (including the Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Northern Tehran, Southern Tehran, and Islam Shahr Branches) (n=150). The sampling method included the randomized cluster sampling method in which 108 individuals were selected using the Morgan Table. The data collection method included a library and field design using a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was applied to measure the reliability of the questionnaire; several experts were consulted to determine the validity of the questionnaire and face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. The data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that the share of the first five factors (i.e., commitment and accountability, affiliation and human relations, evolution and human traits, expertise and knowledge-based orientation, and interest in modification and development) is more significant in the variance of all variables compared to the share of other components. The contribution of these five identified factors was determined using the Friedman test as 3.16 (evolution and human traits), 3 (interest in modification and development), 2.97 (expertise and knowledge-based orientation), 2.94 (affiliation and human relations), and 2.78 (commitment and accountability), respectively.

The irony of teaching standards policies is that they undermine the very commitments to professional autonomy that they espouse.  Positioned as condition (of competence and conduct) and consequence (of competence and conduct), autonomy becomes both philosophically and practically problematic. Drawing on the work of Jacques Derrida, the authors deconstruct the British Columbia standards policy titled “Standards for the Education, Competence, and Professional Conduct of Teachers.” Deconstruction is not aimed here at the destruction of standards policies but towards understanding and appreciating the role they can play in acknowledging that which is core to teaching and yet difficult to name within the language of standards. Our efforts are directed towards the rehabilitation of autonomy as educational responsibility that recognizes its own deep-seated and perhaps necessary contradictions.

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mental imagery on the English language comprehension of sixth grade students. The method is semi-experimental and its plan involves pretest, post-test, and follow-up. Using a multi-stage random sampling method, 32 students were selected from schools in the district (2) and assigned to either the experimental or evidence group - each group consisted of 16 students. All the students within both groups were given a pretest which consisted of 20 multiple choice questions (with 4 possible answers each). There was no significant difference between the mean scores gained by the students of both groups on the pretest. The experimental group received the mental imagery teaching program and how to form pictures in the mind-e.g, how to visualize-before reading, while reading, and after reading a short story, for example, by being requested to draw pictures of the characters, scenes, or setting in the story as they perceived them. The evidence group received no instruction. To measure the effectiveness of the treatment program for each experimental condition, a research-made reading comprehension test was applied. There were  significant differences between the experimental and evidence groups, when data analysis was performed by ANOVA, using repeated measures. The findings showed that the mental imagery teaching program can improve the English language comprehension and this study suggests that the English teacher may improve her teaching strategy by optimizing the use of a variation technique in school. The teacher should be creative while delivering materials in the class.

The basic aim of this research is from universal school-based management model to pattern Iran's progress - Islamic schools Board of trustees: qualitative analysis dimensions and specific indicators to evaluate performance. According to the study, functional and in terms of subject matter and the nature of the research component of the combination is mixed. In the first phase of this study, grounded theory as a qualitative approach was used and secondly from the descriptive - survey has been used as a quantitative approach. The statistical population of the study included 12 experts, policymakers and experts in the ministry of education, and in the small part, all teachers and principals of the board of trustees of five provinces (Tehran, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Khuzestan and Semnan) during the school year 2015-2016, they were employed. Due to the high number of these schools, ten managers and teachers were selected from each province based on the Krejsi-Morgan's table of 234 people (184 teachers and 50 managers) by random sampling method and selected a researcher-made questionnaire with 140 items (with Cronbach's alpha = 0.901), which was compiled based on the categories identified in the qualitative section were responding. To ensure validity, the questionnaire was examined by university professors and several key experts in education. The qualitative data research through systematic project-based coding process grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin were analyzed. In the quantitative analysis of data gathered from structural equation modeling confirmatory factor analysis was performed using SPSS and Lisrel. The results of the qualitative research findings showed that 12 indicators were identified as the main components and 38 sub categories that were identified in the assessment of the performance of the schools of the board of trustees based on the comprehensive school-based management model. The findings of the quantitative research have also shown that the two components had the greatest impact on the board of trustee's schools. P Participation with path (0.69), organizational commitment with path (0.65), flexibility with path (0.62).

The purpose of this study is to compare the implicit and Explicit curriculum in the personality development of junior high school students from the perspective of students. The research was applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of method. The statistical population includes all female first year high school students in Bukan who are studying in the academic year 1399-1400. According to information received from the Buchan County Education Department, the total number of students is 1,620. In this part, multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used. In the first stage, from all the girls' schools of the first secondary school of Buchan city, 1 school was selected from each district in the north, south, east, west and center of the city, respectively, then two classes were randomly selected from each school (for one The questionnaire class role questionnaire on Explicit personality development questionnaire and for the other class the implicit curriculum role questionnaire on personality development questionnaire) and a total of 10 classes that were selected for approximately 28 to 30 people for each class, for a total of 300 (150 people in each group). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the implicit curriculum is more effective in the development of students' personality than the Explicit curriculum. The results also showed that the components of the obvious curriculum such as purpose, content, method and evaluation are effective on students 'personality development, among which the content component has the most effect and the goal has the least effect on students' personality development and finally That the components of the implicit curriculum such as the interaction of individuals, the organizational structure of the school, the social atmosphere of the school, and the physical structure of the school also affect the development of students' personality. Among these, the component of interaction between individuals has the most effect and the organizational structure of the school has the least effect on the development of students' personality.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to explain the effectiveness of teaching learning strategies on the professional competence of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization. Methods : The method of this research was quasi-experimental pre-test post-test with control group and had a follow-up stage. The statistical population of this study was all educators of the literacy movement in the cities of Tehran province in the academic year of 1998-99. In this study, 60 people were selected by purposive sampling method and two equal groups were divided into one group (30 people) as the experimental group and the other group (30 people) as the control group. Teachers' Professional Qualifications Questionnaire Sharifi and Islamieh (2013) were used to collect data. The independent variable (teaching learning strategies) was performed on the experimental group in 10 sessions of 90 minutes. In the follow-up step, the dependent variable was performed only on the experimental group. The obtained information and results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.. Finding : The results showed that the professional competencies of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization who received training in learning strategies are significantly higher than the professional competencies of educators who did not receive this training and training strategies for learning professional skills. Adult educators are effective and have good stability over time (p <0.05). Conclusion : The results showed that teaching learning strategies is effective on the professional competence of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide a model for the development of children's education. Methodology : The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in this study was all experts in the field of educational management and curriculum planning and training of working children. After the 11th interview, theoretical saturation took place. Validity was obtained through 4 experts and by two colleagues and reliability of the Copa formula (0.632). In order to conduct this research, in addition to documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the dimensions, components and indicators of the development of working children education, and in the quantitative data analysis section, the structural equation technique was used. Findings : As a result of qualitative analysis, 3 dimensions, 8 components and 43 indicators were identified. The dimensions of health-individual education, socio-cultural education and education of knowledge and academic and professional skills were identified as the main dimensions of the development of education of working children. Finally, all indicators were approved using structural equation technique and education of knowledge and academic skills. And vocational education with a coefficient of 0.858, health-individual education with a coefficient of 0.701 and socio-cultural education with a coefficient of 0.605 showed the most impact and importance in the model, respectively. The validity of the model was measured by 5 dimensions (philosophy and purpose with an average of 4.8, theoretical foundations with an average of 4.9, executive principles with an average of 4.70, evaluation system with an average of 4.8 and executive mechanism with an average of 4.8) that all dimensions were approved. . Conclusion : Finally, a model with 5 dimensions (philosophy and purpose with an average of 4.8, theoretical foundations with an average of 4.9, executive principles with an average of 4.7, evaluation system with an average of 4.81 and executive mechanism with an average of 4.80) was designed and validated

Purpose : The aim of this study was to design and validate the model of effective skills training in scientific-applied centers. Methodology : The method of the present study was applied based on the purpose and mixed type based on the nature of the data. The statistical population in the qualitative part of the research included all experts in the field of effective skills training, and 30 experts were selected using targeted snowball sampling method. The second group of the statistical population of this study in the quantitative part included all the official teachers of applied science centers in Mazandaran province in the number of 3,000 people who were selected by random sampling and snowball method of 608 people as the sample size. In the qualitative part of the present study, semi-in-depth interviews were used and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The validity and reliability of both instruments were evaluated and confirmed. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of the theoretical coding was taken from the method of data theory of the foundation and in the quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the model and determine the relationship between the identified factors. Findings : The results showed that in a total of 6 dimensions of career goals, instructor, environment, student, content and management, 28 components and 252 indicators of the dimensions of the skill training model are effective. Conclusion : Based on the obtained coefficients, it can be said that all indicators have an important and significant role in measuring the dimensions and components of the model of effective skills training system for scientific-applied centers of Mazandaran province

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop the principles of Islamic education with an approach of freshness and vitality for the elementary school. Method : In this research, the content analysis method has been used to be able to interpret and analyze the speeches and messages related to the topic, regarding the relationship between Islamic education and vitality in the religion of Islam, books on Islamic education and the Qur'an and hadith. Findings : The findings of the present study using content analysis method, indicate that theoretically ten principles of Islamic education with a freshness and vitality approach for elementary school (aesthetic principle, principle of tolerance, principle of beauty, principle of modification, principle of ease, principles have been referred to. Dynamics and vitality in school and class, the principle of reminder, the principle of continuity, the principle of awareness and the principle of individual differences) can be explained. That is, Islamic teachings can inspire the hypotheses and theories of Islamic education with a refreshing and invigorating approach for the elementary school. Conclusion : It is important to use the principles and perspectives in practice and to evaluate the performance of Islamic education with the approach of freshness and vivacity.

Purpose : This study presented an identity model based on content analysis of Junior High School social studies textbooks. Method : It was an applied qualitative study examining social studies book of Junior High School and taking the idea of education experts in Tehran in 2019. According to the principle of theoretical saturation, 9 of them were selected by targeted sampling and snowball sampling methods. Review of documents and texts and semi-structured interviews were used, the validity of which was evaluated by the appropriate triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by Cohen's Kappa coefficient method to be 0.798. Open, axial and selective coding methods were used to analyze the data. Findings : The identity model based on the content analysis of social studies book of Junior High School had one category, 9 components and 45 indicators; The components included society and social relations (with 9 indicators), family and parents (with 7 indicators), mass media (with 4 indicators), age (with 2 indicators), school (with 3 indicators), educational system (with 8 indicators), career future (with 3 indicators), personality (with 3 indicators) and teachers (with 6 indicators). Finally, the identity model was designed according to the mentioned components. Conclusion : According to the identity model, educational professionals and planners can design content to improve students' identities and include them in social studies textbooks.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting educational policy-making based on the third millennium characteristics. Methodology : This study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation of the data foundation type. The research population was the documents in 2009 to 20019 and educational policy-making experts in 2019, among which 15 were chosen according to the original saturation principle with purposive sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, whose validity was confirmed by experts and evaluated with proper triangulation method and its reliability was obtained by an internal agreement method of 0.83. For data analysis, content analysis method was used in MAXQDA12 software. Finding : The findings showed that the factors affecting educational policy-making had 9 dimensions, 39 components and 209 indicators, including educational stakeholders, psychological factors, economic factors, technological factors, legal factors, social factors, cultural factors, belief and ideal factors, and political factors. Also, the third millennium education has 6 dimensions, 33 components and 74 indicators, including the characteristics of philosophy and training goals, characteristics of curriculum, educational system characteristics, environmental characteristics and educational space, characteristics of teachers and characteristics of principals and policymakers. In general, for factors affecting educational policy-making based on the third millennium was identified with 15 dimensions, 72 components and 283 indicators. Conclusion : Considering the factors affecting educational policy-making based on the third millennium characteristics, the dimensions and components identified in the present era can be promoted.

Purpose : The objective of this study was to compare effectiveness of reverse and cooperative learning methods on creativity and academic self-efficacy of female senior high school students. Methodology : This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and the control group. The study population consisted of female senior high school students in Ahvaz during the academic year 2019-2020. The research sample was 90 people who were randomly selected from three classes of a school and two classes were selected as experimental groups (reverse and cooperative learning) and a class was selected as a control group. Each experimental group was trained in 10 sessions of 75 min by reverse and cooperative learning methods and the control group received no training. The research tools were Abedi (1993) Creativity Test Questionnaire and Morgan-Jinks (1999) Student Efficacy Scale. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS-22 software. Findings : The study results showed that experimental and control groups were significantly different in terms of creativity and academic self-efficacy (P <0.05). In other words, reverse and cooperative learning methods increased creativity and academic self-efficacy compared to the control group (P <0.05), but no significant difference was found between them in terms of creativity and academic self-efficacy (P> 0.05). Conclusion : Regarding the effectiveness of both learning methods and no significant difference between them, both reverse and cooperative learning methods can be used to increase creativity and academic self-efficacy.