اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر ادراک خودکارآمدی و رفتارهای خودمراقبتی افراد مبتلا به بیماری عروق کرونری قلب (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر ادراک خودکارآمدی و رفتارهای خودمراقبتی افراد مبتلا به بیماری عروق کرونری قلب انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر کمی از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه گواه و دوره پیگیری دوماهه بود. جامعه آماری، شامل بیماران مبتلا به عروق کرونری قلب مراجعه کننده به مرکز قلب بیمارستان مدائن تهران در شش ماهه دوم سال 1400 بود. در این پژوهش تعداد 34 بیمار مبتلا به عروق کرونری قلب با روش نمونه گیری داوطلبانه و هدفمند انتخاب و با شیوه تصادفی در گروه های آزمایش و گواه جایدهی شدند (18 بیمار در گروه آزمایش و 16 بیمار در گروه گواه). بیماران در آزمایش مداخله درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد Wynne et al. را طی یک و نیم ماه در 10 جلسه 75 دقیقه ای دریافت نمودند. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی Sherer et al. (SEQ) و پرسشنامه خودمراقبتی Galiana et al. (SCQ) استفاده شد. داده های حاصل با تحلیل واریانس آمیخته با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS23 تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر خودکارآمدی و رفتارهای خودمراقبتی افراد مبتلا به بیماری عروق کرونری قلب تأثیر معنادار دارد. بر اساس یافته های پژوهش می توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد با بهره گیری از شش فرایند پذیرش روانی، گسلش شناختی، خود تحت عنوان زمینه، تعامل با زمان حال، ارزش های مشخص شده و رفتار متعهدانه می تواند به عنوان یک درمان کارآمد جهت بهبود ادراک خودکارآمدی و رفتارهای خودمراقبتی افراد مبتلا به بیماری عروق کرونری قلب مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the Self-Efficacy Perceived and Self-Care Behaviors of People with Coronary Heart Disease
Introduction
One of the diseases that can cause many physiological and psychological complications is coronary heart disease. According to the predictions of scientific societies, these diseases will be the main cause of death in different countries by 2030. According to the scientific findings published by the World Health Organization, it is predicted that 8.44% of deaths in Iran will be related to coronary heart disease by 2030. Coronary heart disease is a serious and rapidly growing disease. Coronary heart disease is one of the diseases that lead to increased mortality, lack of self-reliance, increased depression and anxiety in affected people. Several factors such as anxiety and depression, social stress, conflict and hostile behavior can lead to abnormal coronary contraction, increased coronary artery blockage, malignant heart rhythm irregularities and as a result, heart failure. The occurrence of psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease causes them to experience less self-efficacy and self-care behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the self-efficacy perceived and self-care behaviors of people with coronary heart disease.
Method
The present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest, post-test, control group and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population of this study included patients with coronary heart disease referred to the heart center of Madain Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2020. The statistical population included patients with coronary heart disease referred to the heart center of Madayen Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2020. 34 Patient with coronary heart disease were selected through a voluntary and purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (18 patients in the experimental group and 16 patients in the control group). The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy during One and a half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included the self-efficacy questionnaire (Sherer et al., 1982) and Self-Care Questionnaire (Galiana et al., 2015). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated Mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 statistical software.
Results
The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy have a significant effect on the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of the cardiac people with coronary heart disease. In addition, the results showed that the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy was stable on the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of the cardiac patients with coronary heart disease with a follow-up stage. After carefully examining the descriptive findings, it was found that acceptance and commitment therapy increase the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of the cardiac people with coronary heart disease in the post-test and follow-up stages.
Conclusion
According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy can be used as an efficient intervention to improve the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of the people with coronary heart disease through employing techniques such as six main processes, including psychological acceptance, context self, communication with the present time, values and committed action.
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