بازآفرینی پایدار شهری در طراحی و بهینه سازی فضاهای شهری بر ای گروههای کم توان جسمی - حرکتی (مطالعه موردی: منطقه 12تهران) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در سال های اخیر بازآفرینی شهری به عنوان رویکردی برای نوسازی محیط شهری مطرح شده است. با توجه به این امر بازآفرینی پایدار شهری رویکردی جامع جهت بازگرداندن توسعه اجتماعی، کالبدی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی به مناطق شهری است. با توجه به اثرات مهم بهینه-سازی فضای شهری بر کیفیت زندگی شهروندان به ویژه کم توان و ناتوان حرکتی در اماکن عمومی،روابط اجتماعی و فعالیت های اقتصادی از ضرورت های توسعه پایدار شهری است. دراین پژوهش سعی شده است با توجه به محدودیت های فیزیکی افراد ناتوان شرایط مناسب سازی محیط شهری تحلیل گردد. در این راستا به منظور گ ردآوری داده ها از روش کتابخانه ای و پیمایشی بهره گرفته شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق افراد ناتوان حرکتی و آکوندروپلازی در منطقه 12تهران است. بدین منظور پرسشنامه ای توسط مبتلایان به کوتولگی و کم توان تکمیل شد. با استفاده از آزمون T تک نمونه ای کیفیت محیط شهری منطقه مورد سنجش قرار گرفت و در مرحله بعد با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی رگرسیون چندگانه، شاخص های تاثیرگذار بر کیفیت محیط شهری منطقه مورد شناسایی قرارگرفت. بنابر این مراحل نتایج آزمون T تک نمونه ای نشان داد که از نظر ساکنان ناتوان حرکتی،کیفیت و رضایت از محیط شهری منطقه 12در سطح بالای قرار ندارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که در سطح ویژگی های کالبدی– فضایی، در منطقه زیر شاخص سازمان دسترسی و راه ها دارای بیشترین تاثیر518/0= B را بر میزان رضایت شهروندان دارا می باشد. در سطح ویژگی های کارکردی– خدماتی، زیر شاخص خدمات رفاه اجتماعی 531/0B= دارای بیشترین تاثیر می باشند. در سطح ویژگی های محتوایی، زیر شاخص سلامت محیطی680/0B= و 627/0B= بیشترین تاثیر را دارند.The role of sustainable urban regeneration in the design and optimization of urban spaces for the physically disabled (Case study: District 12 of Tehran)
Extended AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, urban regeneration has been proposed as an approach to modernize the urban environment. Sustainable urban regeneration is a comprehensive approach to restore social, physical, economic and environmental development to urban areas. Considering the important effects of urban space optimization on the quality of life of citizens, especially the disabled and disabled in public places, social relations and economic activities are essential for sustainable urban development. In this research, it has been tried to analyze the conditions of adapting the urban environment according to the physical limitations of disabled people. In this regard, library and survey methods have been used to collect data. The statistical population of this research is people with mobility disabilities and achondroplasia in the 12th district of Tehran. For this purpose, a questionnaire was completed by dwarfism and low-ability patients. The quality of the urban environment of the region was measured using a single-sample T-test, and in the next step, using the hierarchical analysis method of multiple regression, the indicators affecting the quality of the urban environment of the region were identified. The results of the one-sample T-test showed that according to the disabled residents, the quality and satisfaction of the urban environment of District 12 is not at a high level. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that at the level of physical-spatial features in the region, the sub-index of "access organization and roads" has the greatest impact on the level of citizens' satisfaction. At the level of functional-service features, the "social welfare services" sub-index has the greatest impact. At the level of content characteristics, the "environmental health" sub-index has the greatest impact. MethodologyData collection is a library and survey method. The statistical population of this study is people with mobility and achondroplasia in District 12 of Tehran. For this purpose, a questionnaire was completed among people with disabilities and dwarfism. Using one-sample t-test, the quality of the urban environment of the region was measured and in the next step, using the hierarchical analysis method of multiple regression, the indicators affecting the quality of the urban environment of the region were identified. According to Cochran's formula, 380 people have been selected to complete the questionnaire. In this study, the independent variables are identified as individual and professional variables such as age, sex, level of education, residence status, average income, and the dependent variable of the structure of satisfaction with the quality of living environment in the form of 9 items that are related. Living in the region, these variables include satisfaction with public and green spaces, housing and activity, quality of roads and passages, adaptation and renovation measures, planning and how to provide welfare services, participation. Group of people with disabilities, job security and life process, sense of place, social relationships, satisfaction that the evaluation of these variables using the range of five Likert options is very low = 1, low = 2, to some extent = 3, high = 4, very high = 5.The data obtained in the form of questionnaire distribution were analyzed using SPSS software and to achieve the degree and difference in quality of life in the region, statistical methods such as one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation test and regression test. Multivariate is used. Results and DiscussionThe results of one-sample t-test showed that in terms of disabled residents, the quality and satisfaction of the urban environment of District 12 is not at a high level. 0, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the research tool.Success in an urban space can not be achieved unless the effective indicators are provided to the desired extent and efficient methods are proposed to solve the problems of inefficient urban spaces, the most widely used of which is the regeneration approach. Inefficient urban space can be transformed into a desirable urban space through a regeneration approach. Recreation is the development of a vision, a combination of responding to the needs of all people with their own characteristics in public design. The design of urban spaces in District 12 has been formed without considering this group of people. In designing and optimizing this area, the movement limitations of these people compared to ordinary people should be considered, so the optimization of the urban environment of District 12 can include buses, stations, stairs, sidewalks, ATMs, entrances, iron networks. , Trash, drinking water design. ConclusionThe findings of the research showed that one of the shortcomings of space is the renovation and optimization of arenas and public places. For example, in order to reach a bank and use face-to-face banking services, there is a path with all kinds of obstacles to problems in the building itself and equipment (the height of counters and payment gateways for people with short stature and sitting on a wheelchair, stairs and entrance, closing the door... Functional separation and inappropriate location of banks in this area have caused problems for these people. Considering the inappropriateness of bank buildings to meet the needs of these people, it is necessary to take appropriate measures in city plans to allocate these types of uses according to the needs of disabled people. The small width of pedestrian walkways, which has a great impact on reducing the useful width of the walkways due to the presence of obstacles such as crowd traffic, potholes and protrusions, unused public telephone booths, motor traffic on sidewalks, etc., is one of the basic problems. It is physical in terms of traffic of these people. Due to the design of the doors and entrances of shopping centers, canteens, offices, etc. for ordinary people, the small capacity of elevators in smaller buildings and offices and the lack of enough space for wheelchairs, the wide width of the aisles and the presence of bridges Improper hand-made construction of the shop has made it difficult for disabled people to move around. Placement of strong bridges by government agencies in places of waterways is a necessary and basic requirement for the movement of these people, which can facilitate and encourage the presence of the elderly and people with physical disabilities in the space. The findings of the research also indicate that the public parking lots are not equipped for the needs of these people when they leave the parking lot. It is not at a high level in the public spaces of District 12 of Tehran.
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