سامانه هوشمند پیش بینی و جایابی مستمر پایگاه های اورژانس بر مبنانی اصول آمایش سرزمین (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
از دهه 1950، تعداد بلایای طبیعی و انسان ساز به طور تصاعدی افزایش یافته است و مشکل مکان یابی تأسیسات به رویکرد جدی برای مقابله با مشکلات تبدیل شده است. در این میان مکانیابی مراکز پیش بیمارستانی و مراقبت های خدمات اورژانسی به عنوان حیاتی ترین بخش های درمان، از اهمیت جدی برخوردار است زیرا این مراکز با ارائه خدماتی شامل از صحنه حادثه شروع و به بیمارستان ختم می شود و مهمترین اقدامات برای نجات جان انسان ها از این مراکز شروع می شود. در این میان چالش هایی دراستقرار این مراکز وجود دارد که مهم ترین آن را می توان در مکانیابی بهینه این مراکز دانست. زیرا این مراکز باید در شرایط بحرانی بود دچار بحران نشوند تا بتوانند به کمک رسانی و امداد بپردازند. از این رو در این مقاله سعی شد با بررسی متون مربوطه معیاره ها و شاخص موثر در مکانگزینی پایگاه اورژانس از منابع مستخرج شود بر این اساس دو نوع خدمت مشخص شد، دسته اول خدمات اورژانس شهری که در آن شاخص های جمعیتی، شاخص های دسترسی و شاخص های کالبدی موثر هستند و در سطح دیگر خدمات اورژانس علاوه بر شاخص های فوق، شاخص های طبیعی و زیر بنایی نیز در سیستم مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. بر این اساس بر بستر نرم افزار طراحی شده به صورت دسکتاپ و وب یک سیستم هوشمند برای تعیین مکان مناسب جهت استقرار پایگاه های اورژانس تهیه شد که در آن تهیه نقشه ظرفیت و پتانسیل استقرار پایگاه اورژانس، ارزیابی نقاط پیشنهادی براساس نقشه پتانسیل و امکان تعریف، تغییر شاخص ها، لایه های اطلاعاتی، وزن شاخص ها، روش های تحلیل مکانی در آن برنامه ریزی شده است. از خصوصیات این سیستم می توان به کار سهولت و پویا بودن این سیستم اشاره کرد.Intelligent system for location of the emergency site based on the principles of spatial planning
Extended Abstract Introduction The duty of the pre-hospital emergency department is to deal with medical emergencies and provide services to injured and emergency patients. Many components have an effect on the success of emergency services, including the time to reach the accident site, which is affected by the distance and characteristics of the route. Choosing the right place for the establishment of emergency centers in the country and their alignment can help in optimizing and providing better emergency services. On the other hand, some stations may not have been well chosen and have faced many challenges, therefore, implementing a system for potential measurement, spatial screening, choosing the right place can help to make better decisions in this field. Therefore, the emergency location decision support system has been designed to be a step in this direction. The country's emergency department is always one of the factors present in all accident scenes at all scales, from the micro level (accidents, trauma) to the national level (earthquakes, floods, fires, etc.), and the available evidence shows that So far, it has been able to do this well by relying on its intelligent management and elite personnel. Therefore, thematic diversity, wide geographical area, sensitive nature and responsibility, the need to use new systems and methods for better management to reduce the effects of diseases and hazards (conventional and unconventional), increase preparedness, prevention and reduction of the effects of accidents. mortality, injury, disability, etc.) and also diversifying activities on a national and geographical scale. Choosing the right place to establish emergency bases in the country is one of the important issues of emergency management. The purpose of this article is to present an intelligent system to determine the appropriate location for the establishment of emergency bases in the country, and it seeks to intelligently design the spatial decision-making process and design a system to help make better decisions in the emergency organization. Methodology This research is a type of applied research. The indicators required in this survey have been obtained through documentary studies and organizational needs assessment. In the first stage, the review of global experiences was carried out and after that organizational needs assessment was carried out and the indicators required by the organization and global experiences in this field were matched. In the second stage, the location information was collected, based on the data of Iran Statistics Center in the 2015 census, the basic information of the land survey and the location information of the emergency centers of the target database were prepared and finally with the multi-criteria decision-making system based on the goals, compared to Smartening of the proposed emergency locations was done. Results and Discussion Based on the perspective of continuity of activities of organizations in times of crisis and understanding the conditions of the organization and existing gaps that can damage the continuity and continuation of an organization's activity in an event is of particular importance. Continuous evaluation of the status of an organization, periodical review and checklists, and the estimation of the level of organizational resilience, both in terms of infrastructure and human resources, are among the most important indicators in the continuity of activity. Therefore, in this review of the country's emergency organization as an organization involved in crisis management; It should evaluate its existing bases in order to identify the existing risks and damages that affect the activity of this organization's bases in times of crisis based on the evaluations. On the other hand, the proposal of the future bases of this organization requires not only the above conditions, but also the need to identify all the physical and demographic considerations and potential and actual risks in the establishment of new bases, so that based on that, bases can be established with the least damage and the least cost. Conclusion In this research, the theoretical foundations related to the indicators of the establishment of a specific emergency base and after that all these indicators were systematized through the location data available at the country level, in order to assess the risks based on a database and an intelligent system. The bases should be considered and decisions should be made in locating the required stations in the future based on an intelligent system based on supporting systems.
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