بازآفرینی شهری با تأکید بر ذهنیت کارشناسان از آسیب های حاصل از بافت های فرسوده (مطالعه موردی: شهر زنجان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شهرها عرصه بروز حیات جمعی هستند که پذیرای بیشترین استفاده کننده با سطوح مختلف فرهنگی می باشند. براین اساس فضای نامطلوب شهری می تواند بسترساز ناهنجاری های اجتماعی، در ابعاد مختلف زندگی گردد؛ همانطور که بعد از انقلاب صنعتی با تبدیل شدن مظروف شهرها به مقصد نهایی حجم عظیمی از مهاجران، شاهد پدیدار شدن بافت های فرسوده و ناکارآمد در شهرها بوده ایم. برهمین اساس ساماندهی این بافت ها به یکی از ضرورت ها و اولویت های مورد توجه مسئولان تبدیل شده است. در همین راستا تحقیق حاضر سعی داشته است بازآفرینی را به عنوان پذیرفته ترین رویکرد مداخله با تأکید بر ذهنیت کارشناسان در شهر زنجان مورد تحلیل قرار دهد. بدین منظور برای شناسایی و تعیین سطح آسیب های حاصل از بافت های فرسوده از مدل FMEA استفاده شده و برای تحلیل و استخراج الگوهای ذهنی کارشناسان جهت بازآفرینی از تحلیل عاملی کیو بهره برده شده است. لازم به توضیح است از آنجا که پژوهش حاضر خبره محوره بوده است نمونه انتخاب شده به روش هدفمند ( گلوله برفی) به میزان 10 نفر انتخاب شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده است که 24 خطر در قالب 8 اثر بالقوه شناسایی شده اند که همه آن ها در سطح بارز تشخیص داده شده اند، به طوری که مقدار RPN همه آن ها بالای 300 گزارش شده است. بنابراین بایستی عنوان داشت که آسیب های حاصل از بافت های فرسوده در سطح جدی قرار داشته و نیاز به اقدامات فوری بوده است. در همین ارتباط ذهنیت کارشناسان در زمینه مداخله در بافت ها فرسوده ذهنیت کارشناسان در زمینه بازآفرینی با تأکید بر آسیب ها، بیانگر سه الگوی ذهنی بوده که میزان آسیب های حاصل از بافت های فرسوده را تا حد قابل قبول کاهش داده است.Urban regeneration with an emphasis on the experts' mentality of the damage caused by worn-out structures (case study: Zanjan city)
Extended Abstract Introduction Cities are social entities which is similar to living beings and has grown in the course of its evolution, have evolved and changed and reflected many processes such as shelter, security, social interaction and the place of buying and selling goods and services. But in recent decades, we have witnessed the rapid growth of urbanization which has brought bottlenecks, problems and complications. So that the emergence of poverty, disorganization, environmental pollution, etc. has transformed some parts of the city. And a different color and smell from the past that indicates the decline and deterioration of the region It has made it visible and worn it out. In this connection, in order to solve the mentioned problems, Various policies are offered. In this framework, the latest and most accepted intervention approach in the organization of worn-out tissues, regeneration, has been introduced. In this regard, the present research, with the aim of urban regeneration, has tried to investigate and identify the damages resulting from worn-out structures in Zanjan and their types, with an emphasis on the experts' mentality of the damages resulting from worn-out structures. Based on the mentality of the experts, the mental patterns in regeneration are determined and their performance in reducing the damage of the worn tissues is evaluated.. Methodology The current research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive method and in terms of collected and analyzed data It is of a combined (exploratory) type. In this research, the FMEA technique has been used to evaluate the damages resulting from the worn-out tissues of Zanjan city. Failure Mode And Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic tool that can be used to identify failure modes corresponding to specific system components and functions. Which had the following process; - Identification of system failure states (at this stage, failure states are identified using brainstorming, Delphi, etc. methods). 2- Calculating the risk priority number (the degree of criticality is determined by calculating the priority number that has a range between 1 and 1000. The risk priority number is obtained from the product of three factors: the severity of the risk effect, the probability of occurrence and the ability to be discovered). 3- Reducing failure situations (team members try and plan to reduce known failures. Also, Q factor analysis has been used to analyze and extract mental patterns of experts to intervene in worn-out tissues. In connection with the selection of participants, it should be acknowledged that in choosing the number of participants, attention should be paid to the number of Q propositions, so that the participants should be less than the number of Q propositions. In this research, 10 people were selected based on the purposeful method (snowball). The validity of this research has been confirmed by reviewing the theoretical literature and interviewing the participants and their knowledge by experienced professors in the field of population. Reliability has also been checked through retesting, and its value is 80%, which is the desired value. Results and Discussion The investigations carried out in the form of FMEA technique have shown that 24 risks in the form of 8 potential effects have been directed at the city of Zanjan, and the RPN value of all of them is above 300 and clearly reported. Therefore, it should be stated that the damages resulting from worn tissues were at a serious level and urgent measures were needed. In this regard, it has been determined the mental patterns of experts to intervene in these contexts. For this purpose, Q factor analysis has been used. According to the rotated matrix, each participant is placed in one of three mental models. So that participants 4, 9, 2, 7 are jointly (mental model) the first factor, participants 5, 10, 3 are in the second mental model and participants 1, 8, 6 are in the third mental model. Conclusion The results of the research have shown that the worn tissues of Zanjan have caused 24 risks in the form of 8 potential effects. whose RPN value has been evaluated at a significant level. In this connection, 25 propositions (Q) of regeneration in these tissues have been identified based on field-library studies. which can be divided into three mental patterns based on the opinion of experts in the field of recreation. The first mental model has emphasized the integrated urban management for regeneration. Because the management of the urban unit prevents the wastage of money, time and urban resources and prevents duplication and parallel work. While the second mental model pointed out the existing passages of these tissues and considered it as an obstacle to development, On this basis, this group, while facilitating the process of widening the roads, pointed out the commercialization of these tissues And also because of the location of historical monuments in these contexts, they have pointed out the tourist attractions of these contexts To bring financial empowerment to the residents while re-creating. Finally, there were the third mental group who considered employment and income and admitted that due to the same weak economic base of the residents, they had no desire to intervene and organize. Therefore, it is necessary to provide investment platforms and create employment and income To create the sense of belonging of the residents, to provide the ground for regeneration and vitality of these areas. . Therefore, based on the mental model of experts, 9 propositions; Integrated urban management, improving people's participation, improving belonging, organizing narrow roads and commercialization, monitoring the construction and control of buildings, making historical buildings attractive and developing tourism, employment and income, pursuing growth policies. urban, investment in the neighborhood) have been chosen with the most agreement to recreate the dilapidated textures of Zanjan city. which have reduced the risks of worn tissues to an acceptable level .
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