تحلیل تأثیر مطالعات میان رشته ای بر پویایی علمی جغرافیا (با تمرکز بر مطالعات میان رشته ای کارآفرینی- جغرافیا) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تحولات در جهان امروز بسیار شتابان است و علم جغرافیا باید بتواند پویایی علمی لازم را در برابر تغییرات سریع از خود نشان دهد، برخی از جغرافیدانان باور دارند که جغرافیا در پاسخگویی به مسائل سال های اخیر فاقد سرعت کافی است. انجام پژوهش های میان رشته ای مانند میان رشته ای جغرافیا_ کارآفرینی یکی از راه حل های چنین موقعیت هایی است چرا که میان رشته ای موجب ایجاد تنوع در محورهای اصلی کارهای علمی می گردد. سئوال اساسی این تحقیق عبارت است از این که رویکرد غالب جغرافیدانان در تنوع بخشی به عناصر اصلی مقاله های بین رشته ای منتشر شده در حوزه جغرافیا و کارآفرینی، چه تاثیری بر پویایی و توسعه علمی جغرافیا داشته است؟ در این تحقیق با هدف شناخت رویکرد غالب جغرافی دانان در کارهای میان رشته ای و شناخت چگونگی تاثیر آن بر پویایی علم جغرافیا تعداد ۷۳ مقاله از طریق نمونه گیری تصادفی که در ۲۷ مجله های تخصصی جغرافیایی در زمینه کارآفرینی نوشته شده بودند، انتخاب شدند تا وجود رویکرد تنوع گرایی در این کارها بررسی شود. روش تحقیق کیفی و تشخیص کدهای منفرد، شمارش و مقایسه آنها در هر یک از محورهای مورد بررسی به کار گرفته شده. براساس یافته های این مطالعه، در محورهای اصلی مورد بررسی یعنی: موضوع، اهداف، زمینه، نتایج، افراد و موقعیت متغیر کارآفرینی، تنوع محدودی در رویکرد پژوهشگران وجود دارد و کارهای بین رشته ای با کارآفرینی، تاثیر محدودی بر محورهای مورد بررسی برای پویایی علمی جغرافیا دارد. در حالی که رویکرد تنوع بخشی در جغرافیا به عنوان یکی از قدیمی ترین علوم میان رشته ای می تواند پویایی، قدرت تشخیص، حل مسئله علم جغرافیا و کارآیی جغرافیدانان را در جامعه خود افزایش دهد.Analysis of the effect of interdisciplinary studies on the scientific dynamics of geography (focusing on interdisciplinary studies of entrepreneurship-geography)
Extended Abstract Introduction Basic question: “How have the dynamism and scientific development of geography been influenced by the dominant approach adopted by Iranian geographers for diversity in the main elements of the published interdisciplinary geography-entrepreneurship papers?” The abstracts of the papers, which had summarized their main contents, were reviewed in order to report their level of diversity in terms of objective, result, topic, area, participants and the entrepreneurship variable type, as the greater diversity in these categories in original scientific works shows the researchers' profundity and efforts to cover more issues and respond to more efficient approaches in society. From the points about the development and dynamism of geography, the following seven concepts are obtained as the signs of its dynamism and development: Removal of specialization-caused limitations, Contribution to content extension and researchers' profundity, Diversification of problem solving methods, Solving new scientific problems, Diversification of scientific subjects, Changing the researchers' perspectives towards issues, and Expanding the area of science. Geography considers entrepreneurship as a phenomenon that underlies the development of society, especially in deprived areas. It tries to plan its development process in Iran by identifying its factors, capacities and obstacles, as well as the quality of the factors in terms of being natural or human and internal or external, and presenting a development model for it. Methodology This study is based on the meta-analysis method, and its data were collected through the documentary method. A total of 27 active journals were identified in the first step, and then the relevant terms were searched in the website of each journal. More detailed information was obtained through the advanced search of the websites about the use of the word entrepreneurship among the keywords of papers and they were sorted by chronological order. At this stage, a total of 108 science research papers which had used the word entrepreneurship as one of their keywords were identified. Since this study focuses on the works of geographers, the authors' expertise in geography was also checked. Of the initial number of the papers, 91 papers (84.25%) had been written by Iranian authors and published in geographical journals. The number of research samples was determined 73 papers (over 80%) based on the Morgan table. Titles and abstracts of the papers were selected and studied in order to collect statistical data, as the abstract of any scientific paper has to be written within clear frameworks that researchers and journals are required to observe, and it must sum up the whole content of the paper, although it had not been observed in some cases. The content analysis method was used in this study for data analysis purpose. The sampling unit was the abstracts of the papers prepared by the author(s), and the registration unit consisted of the research objectives, research methods, analysis methods, findings, results (achievements), suggestions extracted from the research abstracts, as well as the topics of the studies, which could be extracted from the titles in the most cases. Research codes were exploratory, and each and every new codeword was written down, and if a single word or a synonym of it was replicated, it was added to the code number. Results and Discussion An Overview of All Categories According to )T7(, the difference between the actual situation (85 scores) and the desired situation (370 scores) is 285 scores, which means the loss of a 77% score of diversity approach in the papers. Another notable result is that if we subtract the total actual scores (58.77, Column 5 of T7) from 370 (only 15.9% of the total capacity scores of the codes in all categories), the resulting figure will be 311.226. Assessing the total codes and scores obtained from the papers shows two noticeable points. First, 370 new and diverse codes could have been obtained in the 73 geography-entrepreneurship interdisciplinary papers of Iranian geographers to achieve the essential diversity for the scientific development of geography; however, a total of 85 codes (23%) were actually obtained. Second, many of these codes were replicate codes, and replication was not a sign of the importance of the topic and even the existence of a difference in attitude in the dimensions of the topic. Although this was not discussed in this paper, it is confirmed by the initial reviews. The reasons for the replication of some codes need to be explored even in such a limited community in order for the society, publishers and researchers to benefit from it. However, the current study shows that the replication of some codes brought the authors only nearly 59 scores in terms of diversity, and they have lost a larger part of it, approximately equal to 311.5 scores. This indicates a lack of diversity approach in the papers. Conclusion The findings of this study show that Iranian geographers have achieved part of the desired success through the geography-entrepreneurship inter-discipline; however, more changes are needed for them to achieve the deserving position and provide appropriate and timely responses and solutions to the current problems and needs of society.
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