پیری در خانه، روح نهفته در معماری ایران؛ مطالعه موردی: فضاهای مناسب سالمند در معماری بومی کرمان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
"پیری در خانه" یکی از یافته های روانشناسی محیطی سالمندان می باشد که در آن بر ماندن سالمندان درخانه و همسایگی آشنا و داشتن حق انتخاب در نوع زندگی تاکید می شود. در این پژوهش هدف آن است که ویژگی های مطلوب محیطی برای سالمندان جهت دستیابی به "پیری در خانه" استخراج و مفاهیم سازگار با این هدف در معماری ایران معرفی شود. و سوال این است که محیط مناسب سالمندان جهت "پیری در خانه" دارای چه ویژگی هایی است؟ و معماری ایران چگونه با این ویژگی ها منطبق می شود؟ روش این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی می باشد که با توجه به ماهیت موضوع از روش توصیفی تحلیلی استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که محیط با ویژگی احترام به سالمند و توانایی ادغام سالمندان در خود، تامین کننده اهداف "پیری در خانه" می باشد و برخی از مفاهیم معماری ایران با این اهداف مطابقت نموده و نشانه های احترام به سالمند در آن نهفته است. همچنین با نگاهی به الگوهای معماری بومی شهر کرمان پیشنهادهایی جهت استفاده از این الگوها و در عین حال حفظ آن ها ارایه می شود که ضمن ایجاد فضای مناسب سالمندان، از معماری بومی محل نیز صیانت شود.Aging In place, Latent Spirit of Iran`s Architecture Case Study: Suitable Spaces For Elder In Kerman Local Architecture
"Aging In Place" is one of the Environmental Gerontology findings which as a result of increasig number of elderly people in whole world, becomes one part of its dictionary. "Aging In Place" emphasis on remaining at home and familiar neighborhood and having the right to choose the kind of life. And its goal is to provide a supportive physical and psychological environment for the elderly in which they become normal functioning members of the community, rather than passive service recipients. The purpose of this research is to find desirable features of environment for elderly to reach "Aging In Place". and by knowing what the elders demand from the environment and identifying built and spacial elements that could strengthen their presence in the environment, the basis of their participation in society will be provided. and as a result of an interaction between elderly and environment, society can benefit from elderly presence in the environment. Then by identifying compatible concepts with this goal in Iran architecture, some practical solution are introduced to achieve the "Aging In place”. so the research questions are: what characteristics have a society with respect to elderly and with ability to integrate elderlies in society? And how Iran's architecture adapt with these features? In order to introduce the theory of "Aging In place" and find and apply it into Iranian architecture, Research method is practical and according to the nature of the subject analytical method is used. In the theoretical perspectives and literature review, descriptive methods are applied. For data collecting in this research, documentary method is used to identify "Aging In Place" theory and it's related concepts. as well as through field study some environmental measures associated with the concept, identified and collected. Analysis method in this research is also descriptive and comparative in a way that after reviewing various sources, the findings from the study were matched with existing examples. in this way results and strategies stated for the intended purpose. The data consists of two parts: the first part of the data related to the theory of "Aging In place" and the second part of it related to the architectural features of Iran, associated with the elderly and compliance with the theory of "Aging in place" and finally with accumulation and comparison of data the final conclusions are reached. Research results suggest that, an environment with features like respect for the aging and the ability to integrate seniors can provide the purposes of "Aging In Place" and some of Iranian Architect 'concepts have conformity with "Aging In Place" purposes. For instance, it has the ability to encourage elderly people to continue an active life and maintain their customs and habits in familiar neighborhood and environment. therefore it potentially has some signs of respect for the aging. Also considering local architecture of Kerman city, some suggestion are presented for using and preserving these architectural patterns, Eventually with creation of an elderly friendly place, local architecture can be protected too
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