گونه شناسی پهنه های شکل گیری مسکن در سکونتگاه های روستایی ایران در تعامل با عوامل محیطی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
این مقاله به دنبال ارائه حوزه بندی جغرافیایی (پهنه بندی مکانی) در سطح کشوربه منظور شناسایی پهنه هایی که در آن گونه های همسان مسکن روستایی استقرار یافته اند، است. گونه، زبان مشترک و حاصل خردجمعی در پاسخگویی به مسائل محیط پیرامونی است درطول زمان حفظ شده و تداوم یافته است. گردآوری اطلاعات موجود در زمینه شناخت گونه های مسکن به تفکیک استان ها و در یک قالب تعریف شده، انجام شد. به موازات آن، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل گیری گونه های مسکن و همپوشانی آن ها، تفکیک مکانی پهنه های مختلف سرزمینی ایران را ارائه نمود. تطابق اطلاعات گونه شناسی و نقشه های پهنه بندی مکانی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل گیری مسکن، منجر به شناخت رابطه علّی شکل گیری گونه های مسکن به تفکیک استان های کشور شد. مرحله بعد، گذر از مرزبندی سیاسی، تجمیع اطلاعات و شناخت کانون های شکل گیری گونه های مسکن، طیف تغییرات و گونه های مبدل حاصل از آن و البته رفع نواقص اطلاعاتی با کمک مطالعات میدانی بود. پهنه سرزمینی ایران از نظر مشابهت گونه های کالبدی مسکن به هشت حوزه کلان تقسیم شد که هریک دارای کانونی اصلی و طیف تغییراتی درونی بودند. در ادامه، در هر یک از حوزه های فوق، گونه های مسکن در رابطه علّی با زمینه شکل گیری آن تشریح شده و طیف تغییرات آن بررسی شد و مهم ترین مشخصه های آن در تعامل با عوامل محیطی ارائه شد.A study on rural housing zones in rural settlements of Iran interact with environmental factors
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Providing appropriate rural housing in the country is a critical and ever- increasing demand. Solving current problems, in the rural housing prospects of the country requires essential research and planning. The first step in any type of planning towards improving or rehabilitation of rural housing conditions in Iran demands comprehensive and macro level information and an overall correct classification in the territorial rural geographic zone of the country. <span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">This<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> paper has been pursuing to introduce geographical district classification (or territorial zoning) across the country (i.e. the rural settlements network) in order to identify zones in which similar types of rural housing are located.<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> classification intends to recognize and highlight rural settlement zones in terms of district classification of similar spatial areas and similar types of rural housing. This research study has been pursuing the following objectives:
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Identification of the basic (or lead) housing formation “types” across territorial zone of the country, cognition of the occurrence central point and the authority area of each major “housing type” and explaining how each of these types interact with environmental factors.
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Determination of the role of each geographic, natural, climatic, social, economic, political, and … factors on formation of indigenous housing across territorial rural geography of the country. In line with the above two objectives, the following basic information has also been formulated and prepared that may be mentioned as notable achievements of the plan:
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Brief and harmonized introduction of “<span style="background: white;">transformed types” emerged from “basic types”<span style="background: white;"> and classified by province. This part of the work has uniformly collected the country’s available rural housing typology information from all provinces and classified in a predefined structure:
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Information layered map of all parameters influencing rural housing formation, classified by different provinces
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Basic ethnical zoning map of the country, in accordance with linguistic information
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rural housing in Iranian territorial zones is classified into eight “lead types”, with “transformed types” located within each “lead types”. Since no clear and definite boundary can be defined to breakdown or classify “types”, in many cases, distinct boundaries have not been defined. This discussion focuses on “basic types”’ formation center (or concentration point) and on spectral study of their area of authority.
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Accordingly, rural housing formation zones of the basic (or lead) “types’” in Iran are as follows:
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 1: The Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf littoral
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 2: Caspian Sea fringes
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 3: Mountainous Kurdish settling areas of West
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 4: Azari settling areas in North West
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 5: Mid Alborz district and eastern Zagros plains
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 6: Settled Nomads and permanent residents of the western Zagros foothills
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 7: Central and eastern plains of Iran
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zone 8: Central highlands and plains in the central and eastern mountainous fringe areas
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">In continue, effective environmental factors in rural housing in identified zones have been studied.<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sstudies show that some<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">factors<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">have a<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">decisive<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">role, based on which<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">housing formation<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">is up built. The factors determine<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">housing formation “types”, in a monopolistic appearance for<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">some “types”<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">.
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تبلیغات
