تاثیر مشارکت اجتماعی در فرآیند بازآفرینی بافت قدیم شهری (مورد مطالعه: منطقه 4 شهر ارومیه) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه ثابت شده است حضور و مشارکت مردم در مداخلات صورت گرفته در بافت قدیمی نقش اصلی را در تحقق پذیری طرح ها ایفا می کند، اما پیچیده بودن و عدم آگاهی مردم از احیاء و بازآفرینی باعث بی رغبتی بخش غیر دولتی برای مشارکت در این گونه پروژه ها شده است. حال هدف از انجام این تحقیق تاثیر مشارکت اجتماعی در فرآیند بازآفرینی بافت قدیم شهر شهرهای مرزی بخصوص شهر ارومیه می باشد. روش تحقیق توصیفی - تحلیلی می باشد. نقاط درونی و بیرونی تأثیرگذار بر محدوده با پویش-های میدانی و مصاحبه های انجام شده در محدوده مورد مطالعه، شناسایی شده اند. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از مدل SWOT-ANP استفاده می شود. نتایج حاکی از آنست که نقاط درونی «تقلیل رشد خانواده ها» با امتیاز 0/5 و «وجود تمایل افراد به اسکان در خارج از محور بافت قدیم» با امتیاز 0/435 و نقاط بیرونی «افزایش نسبت آقایان به بانوان و در مجموع عدم وجود امنیت اجتماعی» با امتیاز 1/52 و «وجود زمینه هایی برای بوجود آوردن مراکز فرهنگی» با امتیاز 0/655 بیشترین اثرگذاری را در بافت قدیم دارند و راهبردهایی از قبیل زمینه سازی جهت ایجاد شورایاری در محلات محدوده، زمینه سازی برای اجرای طرح محله بان در بافت قدیم از نقاط درونی و بیرونی بهینه تحصیل می گردند. همچنین با بررسی شاخصهای کالبدی-محیطی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و حکمروایی بازآفرینی شهری منطقه 4 شهر ارومیه، می توان بر نامطلوب بودن اجرای بازآفرینی در ابعاد اجتماعی با امتیاز0/12، اقتصادی با 0/14 و افول ارزشهای کیفی و سکونتی در بافت قدیمی محلات منطقه 4 شهر ارومیه اذعان نمود.The Impact of Social Participation in the Process of Recreating the Old Texture of Cities (Case Study: Zone 4 of Urmia City)
Extended Abstract Introduction Citizens 'participation in urban affairs promotes citizens' understanding of issues related to them and their mutual needs, and helps to create a better society. And strengthens a community's ability to coordinate the actions of individuals to develop and improve valuable collective goods and to better govern, and increase the opportunities for smart policymaking. The city of Urmia, which is one of the most populous centers in Iran, has 124 hectares of old texture, which is declining day by day due to lack of attention to public participation in solving its problems. Therefore, considering the role of public and social participation in the success of urban regeneration programs in the old context, in this study, while recognizing the meanings and concepts related to the role of public participation in urban regeneration programs, optimal strategies to increase public participation in Develop and present urban regeneration programs. Methodology The research method in this article is survey-descriptive and the research is based on the study of internal and external factors to achieve optimal strategies to promote social participation in the reconstruction of the old context. Selection of a case study from the statistical population seemed necessary. For this reason, using the Cochran's formula from the statistical population of 540 households in District 4 of Urmia (Samaneh Tose'e Co., 2016), 30 households were selected as a case study. The sampling method is systematic and the Likert scale is used for scoring. After identifying the external and internal factors affecting the area by examining the upstream documents and field studies, using a questionnaire, SWOT technique and ANP model have been evaluated. Then, each of the criteria and sub-criteria was calculated using the ANP model in the super design statistical software, which is analyzed below. The Network Analysis Process (ANP) model is an advanced model for decision making and analysis. This model has the ability to calculate the consistency of judgments and flexibility in the number of levels of judgment criteria. The network analysis process model is in fact a generalized model of the Hierarchical Planning Method (AHP) that does not assume in the Hierarchical Planning Method that there is no relationship between different levels of decision making. Results and Discussion One of the serious problems in the cities of developing countries, especially in Iran, is having old urban textures. Poor and unsafe spaces, narrow passages, spatial and architectural anomalies, garbage disposal, sewage and population density in small spaces are the main problems of the old textures of cities. Due to the weak structure, performance and migration of the villagers, this has left the main inhabitants of the region and has caused further destruction and erosion of this tissue. One of these areas is District 4 in the city of Urmia, which includes a large worn-out area. The results of the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are presented in the form of four strategies for rehabilitation, modernization and reorganization of the troubled areas of Region 4. An aggressive strategy was presented to develop the capacity of residents and stakeholders in tissue repair. It can be concluded that the development of urbanization in recent decades has been associated with major changes in urban contexts. Therefore, there is a need to provide a suitable solution to the problem and identify the size, extent and severity of the problem. The general conditions and characteristics of the city, the existing macro policies and special features, each with an old texture can be effective in presenting strategies for the reconstruction of the old texture. In this study, it can be said that there have been scattered neighborhoods in this area since the beginning. And this region has more problems of social, economic and cultural concern, it can be said that the reconstruction of the old fabric of the city is not possible without the cooperation of the government, public institutions and citizens. Rehabilitation and repair of old tissues and public participation are interrelated and are in fact inseparable components. Attention to the old contexts is not possible except through public participation and the public sector. Older contexts require strong social participation, which ultimately leads to social sustainability. The SWOT technique, which is one of the famous models of strategic planning, can suggest the most appropriate strategies by extracting strategic factors. Regarding the study area, by examining the internal factors and with 15 strengths and 22 weaknesses, it can be concluded that the level of vulnerability is high in the area. In the case of external factors, the existence of 13 opportunities versus 6 threats to some extent indicates the open development horizons of the progress of the study area. Conclusion By examining the scores obtained, the strength factors are more important than the internal and external factors of the four groups. The results show that the inner points of "reducing the growth of families" with a score of 0.5 and "the tendency of people to live outside the old context" with a score of 0.435 and the outer points of "increasing the ratio of men to women and a total lack of The existence of "social security" with a score of 1.52 and "the existence of grounds for the establishment of cultural centers" with a score of 0.655 have the greatest impact on the old context. These strategies that are the proposals of this plan are to improve the economic level of the area with the help of NGOs, to study people's self-help in order to physically improve the texture, to create councils in the area, to attract investors to improve the quality of the texture. Preparation for the implementation of the neighborhood plan in the old context, preparation for demonstrating market potentials, preparation for raising the level of awareness of residents about the benefits of participating in the project, strengthening employment and self-sufficiency in the area, participation in acquainting others with benefits and potential Existing in the old context and establishing a secure communication network in accordance with the needs of the residents.
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