مطالب

The present study has been conducted with the objective of elaborating the cultural implications in the view of Tehran’s comprehensive development plan based on content analysis method. The study seeks finding an answer to the question as to how much does Tehran’s development vision plan include the cultural issues in the metropolitan setting? The realm of the current research is the entire contents of the second five-year development plan of Tehran’s municipality (2014-2018). The explicit and implicit themes indicating the culture-related issues have been separated and, considering their interrelationships, the explicit themes have been explored. The information gathering instrument was the content analysis checklist and its reliability was confirmed by external auditors based on convergence coefficient in the course of coding. The results indicated that a considerable part of Tehran’s development plan is directed at modern morphological and structural elements, urban requirements, civil development and urban control and supervision policies and supervision and a lower deal of attention has been paid to the cultural, hypothetical and soft topics. These findings show that Tehran is still trapped in physicalist development and expanding culture decline.

In the modern cities, various issues show up. One of them is consumption which is deeply interlaced with modernity as the city’s prevalent culture in its sociological sense. Amongst the most important manifestations of consumption in the today’s cities is the consumption of the elements that are applied by the assistance of urban policies and parallel to the beautification of the public spaces and called aesthetical elements’ consumption in the current article. It is now for a while that Tehran has offered different urban aesthetical elements in the public spaces. Considering the necessity of recognizing the extent to which urban aesthetical elements are consumed as well as their interrelationships with the individuals’ citizenship identity, the present article evaluates the urban cultural policies through a survey research in three neighborhoods in Tehran, namely Niavaran, Jannat Abad and Yaft Abad. The study sample volume includes 390 individuals from the foresaid three neighborhoods to whom a questionnaire was administered as the data collection instrument. In the end, the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the consumption of urban aesthetical elements’ consumption and citizens’ identities. The interpretation of the form of this relationship allows the researchers evaluate the effectiveness of the urban cultural policies. The results of this evaluation have been offered in the conclusion section of the current research paper.

It would be much of value and importance to understand how in less than a century after the attack to another land and nation, the uncultured invaders changed dramatically in the realm of science and knowledge so they created an academic complex, Rab'-e Rashidi, during Ilkhanid dynasty. Rab'-e Rashidi as a big academic center was established by Rashid-al-Din Fadhlollah Hamadani (the minister of Ghazan Khan) in the late 7th century (the 13th century). According to his Report, this complex was equipped with a paper factory, a library, an educational treatment center (Dar-ol-Shafa), a center for teaching and researching on Quran (Dar-ol Quran), accommodation for teachers and students, and other facilities. Thousands of students from Iran, China, Egypt, and Syria studied their desired subjects there. In addition to the components of the foundation, it contained caravanserais, shops, baths, storehouses, mills, and so on. Though, the Rab'-e Rashidi began to decline after the death of Rashid al-Din in 1318 and during its long history much damage happened by human causes or by natural disasters, but from the viewpoint of sociology of knowledge, it is very important that Rashid-al-Din Fadhlollah Hamadani performed different rules and regulations for all of these aspects and constituents, in detail: Vaghfnameh is an elaborating and professorial book written by Hamadani which describe Rab'-e Rashidi complex. Findings indicates that Rab'-e established according to an existential state of human in the world and describes a system of justice.

According to Gibson, the affordances of everything, material or nonmaterial, constitute part of its assets making it usable to a certain creature or a member of creatures’ species. The affordances of an artificial environment (social environment herein) restrict or increase the behavioral choices according to the environment’s structure. In other words, every environment can play a considerable role in the enhancement and improvement and/or reduction of behavior. The present study seeks to find the factors influencing the increase in the affordance of an environment. The study has been conducted based on a descriptive-analytical method. The investigation of the first-hand resources, library documents and observations account for a notable quotient of the study goals’ advancement. In the end, the results show that the creation of factors like the supply of physical needs, attachment to a place, memorability, sociability of the spaces, legibility in the attachments to a place and contribution to the growth of the social environment affordances is influential.

Nowadays, after redirection of medical sciences from sterile and artificial spaces to the natural environment and changing treatment approaches from purely microscopic and local studies to a holistic approach about the process of treatment and recovery, special attention has been given to the design of the healing environments. The use of healing gardens has also been expanded in hospital grounds. The features and characteristics of Iranian gardens classify them among the healing gardens. Attention to the various physical, mental and psychological characteristics of human beings who have to recreate in this garden has been embodied in the delicacy of the body. In this study, common features of Persian gardens and healing gardens are investigated. This descriptive-analytical study is of a practical-theoretical nature. In identifying the process, the literature on the subject is reviewed first and the features of the Persian gardens and the healing gardens are examined and finally the common aspects are reviewed. Due to the features of Persian garden and its characteristics, they have a lot in common with the modern healing gardens and can be considered as a base for Iranian healing gardens. With regard to the Iranian identity and historical background as well as their eco-design, its properties can be used to enrich the healing gardens. In this way, we may take a step closer to using the most of our country''''''''s valuable heritage.