الهام حسین زاده

Information and communication technology (ICT) has been rapidly developed in the last two decades and has directly or indirectly affected most areas of human life, including health, which is also referred to as e-health. On the other hand, in the past three decades, most countries in the world have experienced rapid growth in health expenditures, as health expenditures have become one of the most important items of household expenditure. Besides, in developing countries, including Iran, the main financial burden of using health goods and services is borne by households. Reducing the financial burden of health services on households has been one of the long-standing goals of policymakers. It seems that using the ICT capabilities in the form of e-health can be one of the effective solutions in this regard. The present study seeks to investigate this issue. For model estimation, the panel data method and the GLS model in the form of provincial data were applied. The results imply that besides other factors affecting the household health expenditures (such as income, education level, insurance coverage level, etc.), the development of ICT managed to have a significant effect on reducing the health expenditures. It seems developing ICT infrastructure, expanding its penetration rate and developing its applications in the form of e-health can be considered as a proper strategy in the field of health care.

One of the most important factors in marital satisfaction and its stability is sexual satisfaction. This study aims to investigate the relationship between power structure in the family and sexual satisfaction of women. The study was conducted as a survey and the statistical population includes all married women in Tabriz of whom 400 women were selected using Cochran's formula and multi-stage cluster sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the required data and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. According to the descriptive results, the average sexual satisfaction is 244.40 (127-340) and the family power structure is 42.50 (18-68). Considering the dimensions of sexual satisfaction, the average sexual expression is 23.13 (13-48); Sexual partnership is 35.40 (14-48), sexual arousal is 22.45 (9-36); Sexual desire is 25.02 (12-36); Sexual fulfillment is 41.02 (15-60); Sexual attitude is 52.46 (32-66) and sexual awareness is 52.94 (31-66). Considering the dimensions of the power structure, the average participation in decision making is 9.54 (4-24); the persuasion is 17.67 (5-30); and the power symmetry is 15.33 (6-24). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between power structure in the family and the women's sexual satisfaction. Also, the relationship between the dimensions of the power structure in the family and sexual satisfaction has been significant. According to the results, it can be said that the widespread presence of democratic and participatory structure in the family increases the women's sexual satisfaction in all its dimensions.