Tourism and Hospitality Research (IJTHR)

In addition to its positive effects on the economy of the city, the livelihood of the citizens, developing the micro businesses and improving the condition of the urban infrastructures, the urban tourism can play a major role as one of the municipal income resources in the economy of the city. To earn money in the municipalities is one of the things that has a major effect on providing services to the citizens. Municipality's more reliance on unsustainable income causes the city to confront with the basic problems in all its dimensions, including the urban body and landscape and, consequently, the reduction of the quality in the urban life will be seen. According to the surveys conducted by Sarakhs' municipality, it relies on the sources of the unsustainable income. Among the most important unsustainable sources of Sarakhs' municipality, the construction tolls and the illegal income such as the income from urban crimes, construction violations and the transfer of density surplus can be pointed, which a major share of municipal income is earned by this way. To make a sustainable income system, the use of the potential tourism capacities in Sarakhs can play a significant role in providing the sustainable income for the municipality. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytic and in this article, we try to offer some solutions in order to achieve the sustainable income of the municipality in addition to examine the capacities and the tourism potential capabilities in Sarakhs.

Land heritage and necessity of planning in order to safeguard this heritage is one of the greatest challenges facing the researchers of untouched spaces and international natural heritage. One of the most important instruments in this approach is considering tourism capabilities in the form of geological attractions and geomorphology of the land heritages and its bond with economical, cultural and social features of tourism. Geotourism plays an unparalleled role in the development of economic, cultural and environmental effects on land management and planning for the conservation and sustainable development of the geological heritage. The Alamut area of ​​Qazvin, along with the legacy of land, is a significant destination in the country from the cultural and social point of view. In order to reach the goals of the sustainable development, it is important to identify the crucial geosites of the region and analyze them based on their different geo-tourism values. In the meantime, East Alamut is one of the areas that can attract many tourists with a variety of natural phenomena. In this study, using satellite images, geological maps, and field studies, 10 East Alamut lands with higher geo-touristic attraction were selected. In the final review of geo-tourism assessment based on the GAM method, the geosite of the Kalayeh Moalem was identified as one of the top geosits due to its scientific value in national level, having aesthetic, cultural and social values, and the existence of a set of functional, economic, and tourist services values.​​ Evan Lake is also in the second priority due to high geological diversity, its ecological and cultural values, easy access, tourism services, appropriate infrastructure and also aesthetic and protective values. Alamut historical area, next to the Garmarud Valley is on next priority.  

The function of governments in today's world and in the process of globalization, which is the age of competition in various fields, can lead to the development or non-development of countries in the political, social and economic fields. In the meantime, the issue of political security plays a significant role. Therefore, this research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing and explaining the sociological aspects of political security, which has been case study in Mazandaran Province. The present research is a fundamental research method and exploratory survey and exploration method. Data gathering method is a documentary survey, and a collection tool is also a snippet, interview, observation and questionnaire. The sample size is 384 samples based on the Cochran formula, which is distributed among the statistical population as simple as possible. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated by Cronbach's alpha 0.874 which indicates the reliability of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated by Cronbach's alpha 0.874 which indicates the reliability of the questionnaire. The result of prioritizing the seven effective factors in political security in Mazandaran province, using multivariate regression, shows that the variable that has the greatest impact on political security in Mazandaran province The external relations component of the standardized regression coefficient (Beta) is 0.426. Other variables in priority are: the security variable with a coefficient of 0.416, political institutionalization with 0.238, the functioning of government and regulatory institutions with 0.167, human resources with a coefficient of 0.137, media and communications with a coefficient of 0.104, and resettlement of tourists with a coefficient of 0.061 in the next rank Are located.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between teaching reading strategies to hotel staff and its effects on their attitudes: Learners’ Autonomy, Reading Strategies, and Reading Comprehension. To accomplish this object, 130 ESP learners were asked to take part in a piloted PET reading comprehension test and two questionnaires on learner autonomy (Spratt, Humphreys, & Chan, 2002), and reading strategies (Mokhtari & Sheorey, 2002). After removing incomplete answer sheets, 106 (82 female and 24 male) acceptable cases were used in statistical analysis. Pearson Product Correlation analysis pointed out a statistically significant relationship between ESP learners’ autonomy and reading strategies. It was also exposed that the participants’ reading comprehension is positively correlated with their reading strategies. Though, a statistically significant relationship was not established between autonomy and reading comprehension.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cultural literacy of Spinas hotel staff and its role on the satisfaction of foreign tourists. The study type was descriptive-analytical and surveying. The statistical population of the research was 350 employees of the Spinas Hotel and 200 foreign tourists. Sample size was set by total numbering, and sampling method was random obtained as 184 and 183 by Cochran formula respectively. The data were analyzed using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency distribution tables and frequency percentage) and at the inferential level to test the research hypotheses (t-test, ANOVA and multivariate regression), it was analyzed using SPSS23 software. The results of multivariate linear regression analysis of variables of information literacy, media literacy and intercultural literacy with dependent variable of satisfaction of foreign tourists indicate that this relationship is statistically significant and the main hypothesis of the research (there is a relationship between cultural literacy of staff of cultural centers and the satisfaction of foreign tourists) was confirmed. It was also found that among the variables introduced in the regression model, the variable of intercultural literacy had a greater effect on the satisfaction of foreign tourists of Spinase Hotel, and the variables of information literacy and media literacy are the next effective variables respectively.

Due to people's searching for a unique new destination to pass their holidays and release for a while, the province of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari in Iran is one of the top touristic destinations in which a combination of huge natural beauty and rich history due to the nomadic lifestyle has made this province as a potential region for eco-tourism development, however this province has not a high volume of tourism flow at this time. To remove this shortcoming of tourism market in the area, in this study a baseline analysis of current situation of tourism industry has been done through in-depth interviews with the main stakeholders in eco-tourism market in the province. The potentials of tourism market in the area have been reviewed through SWOT analysis technique. The results will provide the tourism decision makers the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The main strengths and opportunities of the province is related to environmental and cultural issues due to its unique vast natural environment and nomadic lifestyle, however the main weaknesses and threats of the tourism destination is related to political and technological issues due to global sanctions of Iran and lack of sufficient infrastructure for eco-tourism.