ویژگی ها و رویکردهای قصاصون در حوزه تفسیر قرآن در سده های اولیه اسلامی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یکی از ابزارها و اسلوب های کلامی تأثیرگذار و کارآمد در انتقال مفاهیم و تجارب اممکه پیشینه ای کهن دارد، قصه و قصه گویی است. در جامعه ی اسلامی، این فن، صبغه دینی یافت و قصاصون یهودی تازه مسلمان، آموزه های آئین پیشین (یهودیّت) خود را در لفافه دین اسلام با استفاده از اسلوب قصه گویی، وارد فرهنگ جامعه نمودند. یکی از حوزه هایی که رویکرد قصاصون در امان نمانده است، حوزه تفسیر قرآن است. هدف ما در این تحقیق، بررسی و تبیین تحقیقی ویژگی ها و دلایل رویکردهای قصاصون به حوزه تفسیر قرآن در سده های اولیه اسلامی است. روش این تحقیق، روش توصیفی تحلیلی متکی به اسناد کتابخانه ای، است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که ماهیت فعالیت این گروه در حوزه تفسیر قرآن کریم، در تعارض با مفاد آیات قرآن و آموزه های اسلام قرار داشت. پرگویی در تفسیر قرآن و ذکر مطالب حاشیه ای در تفسیر آیات قرآنی و تفاسیر تحریف آمیز از شخصیت و تاریخ وقایع انبیای الهی و نبی مکرم اسلام (ص) و تحریف و تخریب مبانی و اصول بنیادین دین مبین اسلام ، سه خصوصیت رویکرد منفی قصاصون به تفسیر قرآن کریم است و دلایل اصلی فعالیت و رویکرد منفی و مخرب قصاصون در تفسیر قرآن کریم، عبارت از عدم آگاهی قصاصون به علم تفسیر قرآن و قواعد آن و نیز اتکا و ابتنای کامل و همه جانبه بر اسرائیلیات می باشد.The characteristics and approaches of Qasasun in the field of Qur'an interpretation in the early Islamic centuries
One of the most effective verbal tools and styles in conveying the concepts and experiences of the nation, which has an ancient history, is storytelling. Stories and storytelling are not specific to a specific culture and land and have existed in every nation and society for a long time. Contrary to Jahiliyyah, where the ignorant storytellers used to tell stories for entertainment, education, and lessons in the Islamic society, this art got a religious color and the newly Muslim Jewish Qasasun used the teachings of their previous religion (Judaism) in the envelope of the Islamic religion, using the style of storytelling. They entered the culture of the society. Qassasun is a little-known and unorganized group that has had an effective presence in Islamic society for several centuries in such a way that in the books of Rijal and translations of the early and middle centuries of Hijri, besides mentioning various guilds of scholars, the group of "Qassasun" is also mentioned. And the word has come out. Since the fields of hadith, history and interpretation have been among the main materials and tools of Qasasun's speeches, their influence on Islamic culture is wide and significant. One of the areas where Qasasun's approach has not been spared is the field of Qur'an interpretation. Our goal in this research is to research and explain the characteristics and reasons of Qassasun's approaches to the field of Qur'an interpretation in the early Islamic centuries. The method of this research is a descriptive-analytical method based on library documents. The findings of the research show that the nature of the activity of this group in the field of interpretation of the Holy Qur'an was in conflict with the contents of the verses of the Qur'an and the teachings of Islam. One of the characteristics of Qasasun's negative approach to the interpretation of the Qur'an is verbosity in the interpretation of the Qur'an and the expression of marginal and unhelpful content while explaining and interpreting the contents of the Qur'anic verses. Even in the interpretation of words from the Qur'an that had a clear meaning or a clear and unambiguous appearance, they quoted long and strange words. Another characteristic of Qasasun's negative approach to interpreting the Qur'an is the distorted interpretations of the character and history of the divine prophets and the noble Prophet of Islam (PBUH). This distorted approach, the purpose of which is to destroy the spiritual and divine personality of the prophets, is based on intense piety, asceticism and pure worship of God Almighty, and an all-round, continuous and very strict jihad against the ego, lusts, carnal and satanic desires, and the purity of the prophets is essential in perceiving, communicating and acting on the divine revelation and their virtue, and lowering the status of the prophets to the understanding of the inferiority of human beings is a captive and a slave to the lusts of the self and is all materialistic and worldly. Another characteristic of the negative approach of Qasasun in the interpretation of the Qur'an is the distortion and destruction of the foundations and fundamental principles of the religion of Islam, that is, its principles, including monotheism, prophethood, resurrection and imamate, were exposed to distortion and misunderstanding and emptying it of the revealed teachings of the Qur'an. The main reason for the activity and negative and destructive approach of Qasasun in the interpretation of the Holy Qur'an is the lack of knowledge of Qasasun in the science of Qur'an interpretation and its rules. It is also a complete and comprehensive reliance on Israel. Punishers and Jews made a lot of effort to match the Holy Quran with the Torah. They constantly tried to make the Qur'an appear like the Torah, full of stories and legends, and to relate the myths and legends with the verses of the Qur'an. The Jews looked at the Torah as the divine book, and in their opinion, the narrations that did not agree with it were considered false. They put the Torah on the same level as the Qur'an.
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