نقش میانجی پذیرش خود در رابطه بین خودشکوفایی، تعالی خود و تحمل پریشانی در بیماران دیابتی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تحمل پریشانی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر خودمدیریتی بیماران دیابتی است. این پژوهش به منظور تعیین نقش میانجی پذیرش خود در ارتباط بین خودشکوفایی، تعالی خود و تحمل پریشانی در بیماران دیابتی نوع دو انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی- همبستگی بوده و با روش تحلیل مسیر انجام گرفت. به این منظور 207 پرسشنامه به روش در دسترس در بیماران دیابتی نوع دو ساکن استان یزد اجرا شد. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل مقیاس تحمل پریشانی Simons & Gaher و مقیاس تکامل وجودی Loonstra بود. داده ها با استفاده از تحلیل مسیر در نرم افزار AMOS 24 تحلیل شدند. یافته ها نشان داد که پذیرش خود با تحمل پریشانی (001/0 > P و 24/0 r =)، خودشکوفایی با تحمل پریشانی (01/0 > P و 22/0 r =) و تعالی خود با تحمل پریشانی (05/0 > P و 23/0 r =) ارتباط معنی دار مثبتی دارند. همچنین پذیرش خود نقش میانجی معنی داری در رابطه بین خودشکوفایی و تحمل پریشانی (01/0>p) و نیز تعالی خود و تحمل پریشانی (05/0>p) بازی می کند. میزان تحمل پریشانی فرد دیابتی تا 22 درصد توسط عوامل خودشکوفایی، تعالی خود و پذیرش خود قابل پیش بینی بود (01/0>p). نتایج نشان داد افراد مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو که پذیرش خود، تعالی خود و خودشکوفایی بالاتری دارند، تحمل پریشانی بالاتری داشته اند. بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود که مراکز بهداشتی-درمانی به آموزش های روان شناختی جهت ارتقاء خودشکوفایی، تعالی خود و بطور خاص پذیرش خود در بیماران دیابتی توجه ویژه ای داشته باشند.Mediating Role of Self-Acceptance in the Relationship between Self-Actualization, Self-Transcendence, and Distress Tolerance in Diabetic Patients
IntroductionDiabetes is a chronic and costly disease that has a high prevalence throughout the world, Iran, and specifically in Yazd province. Considering the heavy psychological and economic costs of diabetes and its complications, it is important to pay attention to all the factors that can increase diabetes self-management. Since self-management is the main key to controlling diabetes and postponing the occurrence of diabetes complications, it is valuable to pay attention to distress tolerance and its affecting factors as one of the significant factors in diabetes self-management. Self-acceptance, self-actualization, and self-transcendence are proposed as three psychological factors that seem to improve people's distress tolerance. But evidence shows that self-acceptance can play a mediating role in the relationship between self-actualization, self-transcendence and distress tolerance in type 2 diabetic patients; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between these variables in diabetic people, which shows the necessity of conducting more studies. MethodThis is a descriptive-correlational study, performed using path analysis. A total of 207 questionnaires were administered by the available sampling method to type 2 diabetic patients living in Yazd province. The data was gathered using the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons & Gaher, 2005) and the Existential Fulfillment Scale (Loonstra, 2007). The Existential Fulfillment Scale is composed of three subscales: self-acceptance, self-actualization, and self-transcendence. The correlation and structural equation analysis were conducted to analyze the data using SPSS-23 and AMOS-24 software, respectively. ResultsThe results showed that self-acceptance, self-actualization, and self-transcendence have a significant positive relationship with distress tolerance in diabetic patients. In other words, self-actualization has a positive and direct effect on distress tolerance (r =.22, p<.01), self-transcendence has a direct and significant effect on distress tolerance (r =.23, p<.05), and the direct effect of self-acceptance on distress tolerance is statistically positive and significant (r =.24, p<.001). The data also revealed that self-actualization has a direct and positive effect on self-acceptance (β=.29, p<.001), and the direct effect of self-transcendence on self-acceptance is statistically positive and significant (β=.21, p< 0.01). Also, self-acceptance plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-actualization and distress tolerance (Sobel test = 2.72, p<.01), and self-acceptance has a mediating role in the relationship of self-transcendence with distress tolerance (Sobel test = 2.45, p<.05) in diabetics. The distress tolerance of diabetic patients can be predicted up to 22% by the sum of self-actualization, self-transcendence, and self-acceptance (p<.01). ConclusionThe results showed that individuals with type 2 diabetes who have higher self-acceptance, self-actualization, and self-transcendence show higher distress tolerance. Considering the mediating role of self-acceptance in the proposed model, it is suggested that by trying to promote the self-actualization and self-transcendence of diabetic patients, their self-acceptance of diabetics is improved. Higher self-acceptance, in turn, leads to greater distress tolerance and ultimately better diabetes self-management.
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