آمایش بنیادین؛ تحلیل گفتمانی تمایزات، تفاوت و تشابهات آن با آمایش متعارف (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
جلب مشارکت نخبگانی برای گفتمان آمایشی از جمله موضوعاتی است که می تواند به هم اندیشی تخصصی برای ارائه یک الگوی مشارکتی از یک سو و تبیین مدل آمایشی مناسب برای کشور از سوی دیگر منجر شود. در همین زمینه آمایش بنیادین در برابر آمایش متعارف از جمله چارچوب ها و مفاهیمی است که همواره نیازمند تحلیل گفتمانی است تا به یک الگوی نهایی تکامل پیدا کند. هدف از نوشتار حاضر نیز طرح مباحثی است که از طریق آن بستر هم اندیشی و تحلیل گفتمانی در مورد تمایزات، تفاوت ها و تشابهات آمایش بنیادین در مقابل آمایش متعارف فراهم شود. به نظر می رسد در این تحلیل گفتمانی علاوه بر تبیین ابعاد مختلف آمایش بنیادین بتوان در جهت هرچه پربارتر کردن آن گام برداشت. در این مقاله ابتدا ابعاد مختلف آمایش بنیادین بررسی شده است و با تبیین ویژگی های مختلف آن سعی شده با بیان مهم ترین وجه تمایز، تفاوت و تشابه آن با آمایش متعارف تحلیل شود. از مهم ترین وجه تمایز رویکرد آمایش بنیادین می توان به حاکمیت ارزش های اسلامی و به ویژه نگاه به انسان است که می تواند سایر مولفه های آمایشی از جمله فعالیت، محیط انسانی، محیط طبیعی و در کل فضای جغرافیای را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. از مهم ترین وجه تفاوت آمایش بنیادین نیز همین رویکرد یعنی نگاه انسانی به آمایش بنیادین در برابر نگاه آمایش متعارف است. در عین حال در جنبه های زیادی دو رویکرد آمایش بنیادین و آمایش متعارف دارای وجه تشابه های زیادی هستند که می تواند برای نهایی کردن آمایش بنیادین مورد استناد قرار گیرد.Basic Spatial Planning: A Discursive Analysis of Its Distinctions, Differences and Similarities with Conventional Spatial Planning
ntroduction
Attracting the participation of elites to the planning discourse is one of the topics that can lead to specialized contemplation to provide a participatory model and to explain a suitable climate model for the country. In this regard, basic spatial planning against conventional spatial planning is among the frameworks and concepts that always require discursive analysis to evolve into a final model. The purpose of this paper is to propose a discussion through the context of discursive thinking and analysis about the distinctions, differences and similarities of basic planning versus conventional planning. It seems that the discursive analysis, in addition to explaining the different dimensions of basic planning can be more useful.
Main concepts of conventional spatial planning and basic spatial planning
The earliest concept of spatial planning is related to the classical triangle, whose outline is formed from environment, human and activity. In the classical approach, the most important issue that is considered is the structure or organization of space that depicts how to structure the elements of space in relation to the land area. The second view that can be proposed after the first is the concept of spatial sustainability. In this view, the main goal is to create a balance in the geographic space that provides sustainability, i.e. exploitation or lack of coordination in the relations of habitat, human and activity do not cause the balance in the geographic space. The third view refers to spatial planning, whose main purpose is to create a balance in geographic space, so that balanced development can be formed in the place of geographic space, and that it is not part of development and part of underdevelopment.
In contrast, basic spatial planning is not only based on the same framework of land use, but also covers national values in the macro approach. The Islamic and Iranian spirit is of particular interest in basic spatial planning. Formation of land justice is one of the important issues that has a fundamental value in basic spatial planning and its overall goal is to distribute the spatial justice facilities in the country that can create spatial equilibrium in the land area. Considering the characteristics of the land has a special role in presenting the planning policies in different scales in basic spatial planning.
Differences between conventional versus basic spatial planning
The most important distinction between conventional and basic spatial planning is that this model has been changed in terms of capabilities and facilities, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. Therefore, the most important distinction of this pattern is in importing the values of the Islamic ruler on the one hand and the territorial characteristics on the other hand. Thus, the same aspect of differentiation that is considered for the model of progress against the development model is also significant in the model of basic spatial planning against conventional spatial planning. Considering this issue, it is necessary to study Islamic ideas derived from Islamic teachings to extract the viewpoints in land use of human being, activity and space and based on them the basic spatial planning takes practical form. Considering that the views in the Islamic values are very different, using different views in the form of discursive analysis will be very effective that while examining and critiquing different viewpoints, we can achieve the best viewpoint in this regard and consider it in the final model.
Spatial planning is an empirical knowledge and a function of the geographical and cultural system of nations, and land as a spatial container is formed based on the value differences of societies and finally spatial identity is one of the most important dimensions of basic spatial planning that is not considered in conventional spatial planning as it should be. In general, the differences between conventional and basic planning can be considered in the following cases: considering human and society in conventional land and basic spatial planning has a great difference. It seems that basic human with Islamic viewpoint seeks to create a monotheistic society based on equality, and for this reason, such a human being in regulating his relationship with the environment will observe various aspects to provide the appropriate and optimal utilization of the facilities at his disposal, the grounds for human evolution and promotion of moral practice. Discursive analysis can also be very useful in this regard, because by examining the concepts extracted from Islamic values and terrestrial features, different conditions can be assessed, and their differences extracted and if necessary, provide conditions that can be presented the best model through consensus.
Similarities between conventional versus basic spatial planning
It can be said that in 80% of the cases, these two planning have a methodological and conceptual commonality. This subscription can be proposed in a variety of cases, including: the type of data required by environmental, economic, social and etc., method of collecting required data, data integration method, developing strategies, monitoring methods.
Conclusions
Basic spatial planning is a new concept that has been proposed and consequently has raised a lot of questions for the scientific community, practitioners and even the general public, which requires settlements. Discursive analysis is an appropriate tool for this subject that can help to clarify the different aspects of the subject. Preparing the context of this discourse is possible in different ways; publishing the basic concepts of fundamental planning in mass media and various social networks is one of the primary solutions in this regard. Holding various specialized conferences and meetings in academic spaces where all thinkers can present their views is also important in this regard.
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