تحلیل اهمیت و عملکرد عوامل کلیدی بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده شهری، مطالعه موردی: شهر ارومیه (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
بافت های فرسوده و تاریخی شهر اگرچه روزگاری قلب تپنده و عامل شکوفای سیستم شهری بوده اند، ولی با به انزوا رفتن این بافت ها، مجموع شهر تحت تأثیر آن متحمل آثار زیانباری شده است و به یکی از بزرگ ترین چالش های شهر تبدیل شده اند. بافت های فرسوده شهر می توانند آثارزیان بار و با شدت غیرقابل جبران ایجاد کنند. بدین منظور لازم است ضمن نگاه آینده نگارانه به بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده، اهمیت/عملکرد سیاست های بازآفرینی مورد بررسی قرار گیرند تا ضمن مشخص سازی شکاف عملکردی، بهترین برنامه ها برای بازآفرینی مشخص گردند.براین اساس تحقیق حاضر براساس روش توصیفی-تحلیلی سعی داشته است که 40 شاخص را که براساس پیشنه-مبانی نظری و مطالعات میدانی به دست آمده اند را با استفاده از نرم افزار های آینده نگاری MICMAC وScenarioWizard مورد تحلیل قرار دهدتا جایگاه شاخص ها و اثرات آنها بر یکدیگر، عوامل کلیدی و سناریوهای محتمل بازآفرینی مشخص گردند.، همچنین اهمیت/عملکرد عوامل اثرگذار بر بازآفرینی با استفاده از مدل IPA تحلیل گردند. لازم به توضیح است، از آنجا که تحقیق خبره محور بوده است نمونه مورد نظر براساس روش هدفمند( گلوله برفی) به تعداد 20 نفر انتخاب شده اند. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان داده است که الگوی بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده شهر ارومیه در محیط میک مک از روند خطی پیروی کرده که نشانگر ناپایداری وضعیت بازآفرینی بوده است و وضعیت های احتمالی بازآفرینی در آینده این شهر از احتمال تحقق سناریوهای نامطلوب حکایت داشته است، چرا که اهمیت و عملکرد عوامل مهم در بازآفرینی بنا بر یافته های حاصل از مدل IPA اختلاف زیادی را نشان داده اند و کمتر به عوامل اصلی بازآفرینی بافت های فرسوده در عمل توجه شده استThe analysis of importance & performance of key factors in regeneration of worn-out urban texture A case study The Urmia city
Even though the old and historical tissues of the city were once the beating heart and the factor of prosperity of the urban system, but with the isolation of these tissues, the entire city has been affected by it and has become one of the biggest challenges of the city. The worn-out textures of the city can create harmful and irreparable effects. For this purpose, it is necessary to take a forward-looking look at the regeneration of worn-out tissues and examine the importance/ performance of regeneration policies in order to determine the best programs for regeneration while specifying the performance gap. Therefore, based on the descriptive-analytical method, the current research has analyzed 40 indicators that have been obtained based on the background, theoretical foundations and field studies using forecasting software to determine the position of the indicators and their effects on each other, key factors and Probable regeneration scenarios are determined, and the importance/performance of factors affecting regeneration has been analyzed. Since the research was expert-oriented, the target sample was selected based on the targeted method (snowball) in the number of 20 people. The results of the research have shown that the regeneration pattern of the worn-out tissues of Urmia city in the Mi'kmaq environment followed a linear trend, which indicated the instability of the regeneration situation, and the possible regeneration conditions in the future of this city indicated the possibility of the realization of unfavorable scenarios, because the importance and According to the findings, the performance of important factors in regeneration have shown a great difference, and less attention has been paid to the main factors of regeneration of worn tissues in practice. Extended Abstract Introduction Today, worn-out tissues have become to separate areas with a lot of antiquity and worn-out tissues have created the economic recession and many problems for residents in access to new infrastructure and transportation services. Therefore, various policies have been proposed; in order to solve problems, the most accepted approach in organizing worn-out tissues is regeneration. Regeneration means reviving, Revived and renewed which in urban studies means improving the situation of deprived areas in different aspects. For this purpose, the present study trying to define the pattern and possible situations of regeneration of worn-out textures of the city for the purpose of explanation the factors of regeneration of worn-out tissues in Urmia and then examine the importance and function of key factors to specify existing regeneration policies and programs move in the direction of a comprehensive regeneration or not. Methodology The present study has been applied in terms of purpose and it is descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection. Data collection has been done in two ways; documentary - library and field studies. In this research, 40 regenerative factors have been extracted by Delphi method in the form of three factors (economic, socio-cultural and physical-spatial) in MicMac software and analyzed according to experts, and then the key factors are extracted and possible regeneration scenarios of Urmia city have been identified in the future horizon. Finally, the Analysis of importance & performance of key factors in regeneration of Urmia has been done using the IPA model. The purpose of this study is the Analysis of importance & performance of key factors in regeneration of worn-out urban texture and is based on the opinion of experts; the sample selected was based on experts for analysis. It should be noted, For example, there are no restrictions for experts according to researchers and there is no specific formula and limit for it, in other research based on experts 10 to 20 people are considered according to Mr. Saati like the Ahp and Anp methods, in the present study, a sample of 20 people was used purposefully (snowball) selected. Results and discussion The present research has been done Purpose the analysis of importance & performance of key factors in regeneration of worn-Out texture of urmia City, it identifies the priority, importance and performance of each of the indicators and Identifies the first priorities in the reconstruction of the city of urmia. For this purpose, possible regeneration situations are analyzed using foresight software the results of the chart show the unstable situation in regeneration of worn-Out texture of urmia City, So that the distribution process was diagonal of influential variables. In this context, Controller variables must be considered much more to achieve balance such as cultural-educational facilities, communication services-transportation, pollution reduction, and two-dimensional variables must be promoted to the level of influential factors that the balance is not lost in the regeneration of worn tissues. In this regard, in answer to the question; what are the most important key factors in regenerating the worn-out tissues of Urmia? It must be said that, 10 indicators (Investment, employment, income, lifespan, welfare services, historical monuments, communication services, partnership, pollution and water quality) have been identified, as key factors from the sum of direct and indirect effects of factors which show possible future situations using the hypotheses made. The research results show 13 compatible scenarios with 130 possible modes. In the meantime, unfavorable situations have been more than the sum of situations at the rate of %65 and have a high coefficient of realization at the rate of %50 which have the following characteristics; Bedding is reduced to invest in worn-Out tissues and caused a decrease and the loss of direct and indirect jobs related to recreation, subsequently, the ground for reducing the income of the residents has been provided in the worn-Out tissues of Urmia. Conclusion The research findings indicate the realization of unfavorable situations in the reconstruction of the worn-out tissues of Urmia city; this issue may be due to incorrect execution in regeneration policies, because the attention and intervention in worn tissues and promotion of these tissues has been considered for decades. But the findings show the possibility of unfavorable situations from the futuristic model. Accordingly, the present study has tried to examine the importance and function of regeneration from influencing factors and practical measures to be considered from regeneration institutions and specify differences in importance and performance. In this regard, the results have shown that there was no consistency between importance and performance, the main factors of regeneration, as the high-importance components were in a very weak position, in terms of performance. In contrast, policies have been implemented in these contexts to widen the passages and reduce pollution at great expense which is considered as a loss of resources to recreate the worn-out textures of the city. In this regard, in answer to the question; what are the first priorities for the reconstruction of worn-out structures in Urmia? It must be said that indicators of public participation, employment and income, and welfare services are the first priority for regeneration based on the findings of the model, with the activity of residents who have existed in the past in these contexts of historical value and today it is declining, it can flourish in tourism activities. In this regard, it can lead to feedback for example, creating job opportunities, increasing income and financial resources, motivating investment, feeling cultural identity and belonging, and consequently improving the environment. Regarding unofficial textures, it should be said that the main inhabitants of this area decided to emigrate due to lack of attention and poor organization of these textures and the inhabitants of these areas are mostly immigrants and has created a different demographic composition compared to other sections and has replaced people in these areas with a lower social base and income, this alternative group was also not interested in intervening due to uniformity and low income and are satisfied with the minimum accommodation facilities. Therefore, empowerment of these tissues is necessary in the field of improving employment and income, recreational-welfare services.
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