مطالب

In the Sabab-e-Nuzūl of verse 8 of Surah Al-Insān, it is stated that the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) gave their food for three consecutive days while they were fasting and in need of that food. Apparently, the way of giving alms here is extremist and moderation is not observed in it. Therefore, there is a contradiction between the quality of food by the Infallibles (AS) and the verse Make not thy hand tied (like a niggard’s) to thy neck, nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach, so that thou become blameworthy and destitute. (Isrāʼ/29) It is necessary to investigate this suspicion in order to protect the infallibility of Abrār. Therefore, this research has analyzed the mentioned conflict from two perspectives with a descriptive-analytical method: 1- The difference of context in the two verses 2- The difference in the existential capacity of human beings and the relativity of concepts. In the end, it is stated that the context of the word in Surah Al-Insān is praise and it cannot be contrary to verse 29 of Isrāʼ, in which moderation in almsgiving is recommended. Also based on the verse "On no soul doth Allah place a burden greater than it can bear." (Baqarah/286) and the differences in the existential capacity of human beings, the range of moderation in charity is different for each human being. Therefore, in the method of feeding, Abrār has observed moderation, but moderation at its highest level.  

Due to the rapid changes and developments caused by technology in the digital age and the growing importance of achieving sustainability for the survival of businesses, the need to create the capabilities needed to innovate in the business model of organizations has become inevitable. This research is trying to provide a model for business model innovation with the aim of sustainability by considering the external factor of digitalization (digital transformation) and the internal factor of dynamic capabilities. The method of this research is mixed so that in the first stage the qualitative method of Meta-Synthesis is used and in the second stage the quantitative method of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) is used. In this research, based on the systematic review of previous researches in scientific databases, 402 related articles were identified and then 46 final articles were selected during the screening process. Based on the thematic analysis, a total of 4 main categories and 14 factors were extracted. In the second stage of the research, an interpretive structural model (ISM) is developed to show the inter‐relationship of different factors and their levels of importance in the food industry.   The 8-level hierarchy model of factors influencing the sustainable business model innovation in the digital age with a dynamic capabilities approach was proposed. Results show that a new component called network value has been added to the traditional business model components. Furthermore, the MICMAC approach has been used to categorise factors according to their driving power and dependence. finally, digital technologies and Sensing were found to be the factors with the highest independence and the highest driving power, and “Economic Sustainability” was identified as the factor with the highest dependence and the least driving power