مطالب

Face masks are crucial for preventing respiratory diseases; however, limited research has examined their specific effects on children’s exercise performance, particularly in terms of physiological and perceptual responses at different exercise intensities. Aim: This study examines the effects of N-95 and surgical masks on children’s physiological and perceptual responses during exercise at varying intensities. Martials and Methods: Twenty healthy children (age, 11.23 ± 0.59 years) performed in three 6-minute phases of a treadmill protocol at 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximal oxygen uptake, while wearing an N-95 mask, a surgical mask, or no mask. Physiological measurements (heart rate, blood lactate, oxygen saturation) and perceptual measurements (rate of perceived exertion, discomfort) were assessed. Results: HR, PRE, and BLa increased with intensity (p ≥ 0.001), with N-95 masks showing the highest HR and BLa compared to surgical masks and no masks at high intensity. SpO2 decreased significantly with N-95 masks at moderate (p=0.018) and high intensities (p=0.008). Discomfort, especially in breath resistance and fatigue, was greater with N-95 masks. Conclusion: Face masks, particularly N-95, significantly increase cardiovascular and metabolic demands during exercise, especially at higher intensities. Balancing respiratory protection with comfort is essential for safe exercise in children during public health crises

Background : Low back pain (LBP) is common, especially among individuals known as pain developers (PDs), who experience discomfort during prolonged standing without a prior LBP history. Lumbar lordosis and hip abductor strength are linked to LBP development, while core muscle endurance is vital for spinal stability and could prevent LBP. Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between core muscle endurance, pain onset during prolonged standing, hip abductor strength, and lumbar lordosis in PDs. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four female PDs participated, with core endurance measured via the McGill test battery, hip abductor strength assessed through the Active Hip Abduction (AHAbd) test, and lumbar curvature analyzed using photographic imaging. Results: A significant positive correlation was identified between core muscle endurance and pain onset time (r = 0.46, p = 0.04). Participants with lower core endurance experienced earlier pain onset. However, no significant relationships were found between lumbar lordosis, AHAbd scores, and McGill test results, suggesting core endurance plays a crucial role in LBP prevention. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of core muscle endurance in reducing the risk of LBP development. Strengthening core muscles may serve as a viable preventive strategy for individuals prone to LBP.