علیرضا دل افکار

Seyyed Morteza Jazayeri in respect to interpretation of some words of the Qur'an, based on the view of the metaphysics of the language of the Qur'an, has specific theories in interpreting the word of the Holy Qur'an. He is one of the scientists who believes in the interpretation of the Qur'an and his aim in interpreting the words of the Qur'an is based on anthropology. He puts his interpretive views on the anthropological axis and interprets the divine teachings and the Holy Qur'an only for the education of human beings and acknowledges that the Qur'an is constantly a book with cultural and educational contents that thus provides human evolution. For this reason, his interpretive approach is based on explaining the cultural and educational aspects and effects of human beings, and this is why he has presented sharp and thoughtful opinions with an interpretive approach, and as a result, his ability to review and criticize his views by thinkers and commentators of the Holy Qur'an needed it. In this article, the basics of interpretation and its examples are first mentioned and then their critique is discussed.

The comprehensiveness of the Qur'an (Jami'ῑyyat al-Qur'an) is one of the fundamental topics in Qur'anic studies. Muslim scholars from the past to the present have explained this principle by focusing on Qur'anic verses and narrations from both Sunni and Shi'a sources (Farῑqayn). Some, by proposing comparative comprehensiveness, believe that the Qur'an, as the last revealed book, is comprehensive compared to other divine books. Some have chosen maximum comprehensiveness, considering the Qur'an to encompass all sciences and arts. Others, by expressing minimal comprehensiveness, have limited the Qur'an's comprehensiveness to ethical and moral issues. Some, accepting moderate comprehensiveness, have introduced the Qur'an as a guide for humans in material and spiritual matters. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, has comparatively explored the comprehensiveness of the Qur'an from the perspectives of Ibn ʻArabī and Imam Khomeini. The research findings show that both great Islamic thinkers, while accepting comparative comprehensiveness and rejecting minimal comprehensiveness, have proposed a new view titled "the Qur'an's comprehensiveness according to the understanding of its audience," which explains the secret of the Qur'an's timelessness in every era and place. The point of difference between Ibn ʻArabī and Imam Khomeini's views is that Ibn ʻArabī accepts maximum comprehensiveness, referring to the Qur'an's verses indicating past and future sciences, while in Imam Khomeini's thought, the Qur'an is a book of guidance and human development, and references to generalities and established material sciences in Qur'anic verses are for the purpose of human education and guidance.