اساتید دانشگاه و دانشگاه ایده ال: پدیدارشناسی دانشگاه ایده ال در بین اساتید دانشگاه گیلان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ایده و به تناسب آن ماهیت دانشگاه همواره با استعاره های گوناگونی در نسبت با ساخت تاریخی زمانه توصیف و تبیین شده است. بنابراین هدف تحقیق حاضر مطالعه پدیدارشناسانه دانشگاه در پیوند با استعاره ایده ال بودن است. در واقع هدف تحقیق یاقتن معنای دانشگاه ایده ال در میان اساتید به عنوان کنشگران دانشگاهی است. به لحاظ روش شناسی، رویکرد آن کیفی است و از منظر پدیدارشناسانه با تاکید بر رویکرد فان مانن برای تحلیل داده ها استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری آن اساتید شاغل در دانشگاه گیلان در حال حاضر هستند. روش نمونه گیری آن هدفمند با تاکید بر تنوع حداکثری است. با استفاده از تکنیک مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و پس از مصاحبه با 25 نفر از اساتید دانشگاه گیلان و اشباع نظری داده ها گردآوری شد. یافته های تحقیق بیانگر 8 مقوله به عنوان ویژگی های یک دانشگاه ایده ال هستند. این مقولات دانشگاه های انسان محور، مسئله محور، جهان محور، علم محور، کیفی، غیرایدئولوژیک، کنشگر و شتاب را شامل می شوند. بر این مبنا در یک دانشگاه ایده ال، دانشگاه نه در کرانه بلکه در مرکز قرار دارد. آموزش ترجمه ای از پژوهش است و پژوهش نخبه گرایانه به عنوان یک کالای لوکس بخشی از تعلقات دانشگاه نیست. درنهایت با یک تفکر سلبی در نسبت با جهان بیرون، میدان رقابت علمی برمبنای ارزش های دانشگاهی تعیین می شود.The Professors of University and Ideal University: Phenomenology of Ideal University among the Professors of the University of Guilan
The idea and nature of the university have always been described and explained with various metaphors in relation to the historical construction of that period. Therefore, the aim of the current research is the phenomenological study of the university in relation to the metaphor of being ideal. This article strives to find the meaning of the ideal university from the perspective of professors as academic actors. In terms of methodology, qualitative approach, phenomenological method, and Fan-Manen analysis have been used. Its statistical population is the professors working at Guilan University. Sampling method is purposeful research with an emphasis on maximum variation. Used by semi-structured interviews and after attaining theoretical saturation through interviews with 25 persons, data have been gathered. In the findings of this research, 8 categories are observed as characteristics of an ideal university. The categories include human-oriented, world-oriented, science-oriented, problem oriented, qualitative, non-ideological (independent), actor, and acceleration universities. Therefore, in an ideal university, the university is not at the periphery but at the center. Education is a translation of research and elitist research as a luxury item is not a part of the university. Ultimately, the field of scientific competition is determined by university values through negative thought in relation to the outside world. Key Words: Actor University, Ideal University, Non-ideological University, Professors of University, Qualitative University. Introduction The university as an institution and life-world has had various experiences of its own due to social, economic, and political changes. These changes became more intense in the modern era with industrialization and an emphasis on homogeneity. The university as a modern institution in relation to the political and economic developments of society has been thought of in various ways in relation to the government and business. But with the spread of the ideology of neoliberalism, the commercialization of the university became more intense, an ideology that forced the university to be rejected or conform to the path of business. In other words, the idea of a metaphysical university changed its direction towards the idea of a business-like university. Therefore, the purpose of this study is not to prove specific metaphors among previous metaphors, but to find the meaning of the ideal university among university professors from a phenomenological perspective. University as a life-world has different meanings for its activists like other life-worlds. In other words, the lived experience of professors in the life world causes the formation of a kind of biographical situation. The lived experience of Guilan University professors as faculty members is the subject of this research. In this research, we will answer this question: What does an ideal university mean from the point of view of university professors? Materials and Method The phenomenological approach of this study is phenomenological based on Van Manen’s interpretional view. This approach focuses on finding the essential meanings of experiences and recreating them. Through combing the purposeful and maximal variation samplings, the experiences of 25 professors were collected. Accordingly, the statistical population was elected regarding faculty, department, science ranking, faculty title, and gender in order to have maximal variation. The semi-structured technique was used for collecting data. The time and place of interviews were determined by sending emails and calling in order that participants could express their stories as much as possible in their favorite time and environment so that crediable data could be gathered. Finally, in phenomenological research, credibility is more important than reliability. Later, the essential meaning of texts was discovered through wholistic reading, selective reading, and detailed reading. Th
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