بررسی پیامدهای احداث دیوار مرزی ترکیه بر فعالیت های مرزنشینان جمهوری اسلامی ایران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مرزها تولیدکننده فرصت ها و تهدیدهای متعدّد و متنوعی هستند و شناخت فرصت ها و کاهش تهدیدها مبتنی بر منافع و امنیت ملی در نواحی مرزی راه رسیدن به توسعه پایدار و ایجاد پل ارتباطی بین هسته کشور و نواحی مرزی در راستای ایجاد انسجام و توازن در فعالیت های مرزنشینان در توسعه در این مناطق است. سابقه ساخت دیوار در مرز کشورها یک موضوع تاریخی و قدیمی است ولی این قضیه برای کشور جمهوری اسلامی ایران و نیز کشورهای همسایه پدیده ای جدید است و عمر چندانی ندارد؛ دولت ترکیه دلیل اصلی دیوارکشی در مرز مشترک با ایران، را جلوگیری از نفوذ و رفت آمد شبه نظامیان مسلح کرد را به داخل خاک ترکیه عنوان می کند؛ اما این هدف تنها هدف انجام این پروژه تبلیغاتی ترکی- غربی نیست. این تحقیق درصدد است با مطالعه بروی اسناد، مدارک و مصاحبه عمیق با خبرگان به بررسی پیامدهای احداث دیوار مرزی ترکیه بر فعالیت های مرزنشینان جمهوری اسلامی ایران از طریق روش علمی بپردازد. پژوهش گر، در نشست های مختلفی با اساتید متخصص به طراحی پرسشنامه پرداخته و برای پاسخ گویی در اختیار خبرگان مرتبط با موضع قرار داده است. نوع تحقیق کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی تحلیلی با رویکرد آمیخته انتخاب شده است. نتایج این تحقیق مؤید این واقعیت است که ساخت دیوار انسداد مرزی ترکیه بر فعالیت های مرزنشینان در شاخص های اقتصادی، محیط زیست، اجتماعی و سیاسی تأثیر منفی داشته و تأثیر مثبتی بر شاخص امنیتی مرتبط با فعالیت های آنان دارد.Investigating the consequences of the construction of the Turkish border wall on the activities of the border residents of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Introduction
As a spatial-geographical phenomenon, the border is one of the important geopolitical factors in the political management of space in any country in the direction of development, stable security, and power generation. Optimal and intelligent management of border areas is directly related to economic and social development as well as sustainable security. Modern governments needed clear boundaries for their sphere of authority in a land. Borders are producers of multiple opportunities and threats, and recognizing opportunities and reducing threats based on national interests and security in border areas is the way to achieve sustainable development and create a bridge between the core of the country and border areas in order to create coherence and balance in development.
Meanwhile, the borders of the Southwest Asia region in general and the borders of Iran as a regional power with a sensitive geopolitical position, in particular, are more sensitive due to the role of the colonial powers in drawing the political geography of the region regardless of the ethno-cultural and historical perspectives. The sense of divergence in border areas is strongly affected by the presence of complex and nested borders in mental and objective dimensions. In the meantime, Iran's geography in Southwest Asia has an important strategic and geopolitical position in regional and global geopolitical equations. As mentioned above, recognizing opportunities and reducing threats based on national interests and security in border areas is the way to achieve sustainable development and create a bridge between the core of the country and border areas in order to create coherence and balance in the activities of border residents in the development of these regions.
Methodology
The researcher designed the questionnaire in various meetings with expert professors and provided it to experts related to the subject to answer. The type of research is applied, and its method is descriptive-analytical with a mixed approach.
Results and discussion
The construction of a border wall is always done with the more or less tacit approval or consent of the public opinion of the building country. It has rarely happened that the people of the country building the wall have resolutely and seriously opposed the construction of the wall and prohibited the government from doing so. Perhaps this passivity or refraining from action is due to the propaganda that the government made to justify its action or that the construction of the wall has really guaranteed the security of the country and the interests of its residents. The government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with a positive approach, believes that the construction of the Turkish wall on the border between the two countries is, to some extent, providing security, preventing illegal traffic, and controlling the smuggling of fuel, goods, and drugs in the region and the country. However, with a deeper look, we will see other problems such as a sharp decrease in economic prosperity, border dwellers' income, poverty, and socio-economic deprivation, the decline in agriculture and lack of water resources, environmental change, and destruction, expansion of rural migration to cities, increase in unemployment and theft in the region. which lead to dissatisfaction of border villagers.
Conclusion
The results of this research confirm the fact that the construction of the border blocking wall in Turkey has had a negative impact on the activities of border dwellers in economic, environmental, social and political indicators. And it has a positive effect on the security index related to their activities. Also, according to the experts' statements in this research, one of Turkey's goals for building a border wall is to convince European countries to join the European Union. And in order to achieve this goal, preventing the illegal passage of nationals of different countries through the territory of Iran, fighting and suppressing terrorists brings this country closer to its goal. In this situation, where Turkey is trying to satisfy the European countries and even America, maintaining relations with Turkey and strengthening relations are among the most important options for Iran, because the most important bridge between Iran and European countries is Turkey. If Iran opposes the construction of the wall, this will help media attacks that Iran cooperates with opposition groups and terrorists, and will ultimately lead to Iran phobia.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
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